家庭清洁产品(HCP)中毒在儿童中很常见。一些HCP是有毒的,可能会引起严重的并发症。我们评估了儿科急诊科(PED)治疗的HCP中毒。
这是一项回顾性研究,招募了2011年至2020年台湾最大PED收治的18岁以下HCP中毒患者。
10年期间103名儿童因HCP中毒而进入PED的记录(70名男孩[68%]和33名女孩[32%]),评估平均年龄3.54岁(标准差[SD]=3.15岁).大多数中毒是无意的(99%,n=102),发生在家里(96%,n=99)。HCP包括碱性(74%,n=76),酸性(25%,n=26),和中性(1%,n=1)剂。大多数是口服摄入的(86%,n=89)。对25例患者(24%)进行了内镜检查,并且使用内窥镜(Zargar)分级来确定损伤的严重程度。药物(类固醇[9%,n=9],抗生素[10%,n=10],或抗酸剂[30%,n=23])是开处方的。摄入碱性HCP会导致严重的食管损伤(p=0.04)和食管狭窄(p=0.04)。5例患者(5%)出现食管狭窄并需要球囊扩张。在多变量分析中,碱性HCP摄入(p=0.04),严重食管苛性损伤(Zargar≥3级)(p<0.001),和药物(类固醇[p<0.001],抗生素[p<0.001],和抗酸剂[p=0.001])与食管狭窄有关。
摄入碱性HCP和严重食管苛性损伤(Zargar≥3级)与食管狭窄相关。医生倾向于开药(类固醇,抗生素,或抗酸剂)适用于严重食道损伤的患者,以降低食道狭窄的风险。这些药物的有效性需要进一步研究。
Poisoning by household cleaning products(HCPs) is common in children. Some HCPs are toxic and may cause severe complications. We assessed HCP poisonings treated in a pediatric emergency department(PED).
This was a retrospective study of patients aged under 18 years with HCP poisoning admitted to the largest PED in Taiwan from 2011 to 2020 were recruited.
The records over a 10-year period from 103 children admitted to the PED because of HCP poisoning(70 boys [68%] and 33 girls [32%]), mean age 3.54 years(standard deviation [SD] = 3.15 years) were evaluated. Most poisonings were unintentional(99%, n = 102) and occurred at home(96%, n = 99). The HCPs included alkaline(74%, n = 76), acidic(25%, n = 26), and neutral(1%, n = 1) agents. Most were orally ingested(86%, n = 89). Panendoscopy was performed in 25 patients(24%), and the endoscopic(Zargar) grade was used to determine the severity of injury. Medications(steroids [9%, n = 9], antibiotics [10%, n = 10], or antacids [30%, n = 23]) were prescribed. Alkaline HCP ingestion induced severe esophageal injury(p = 0.04) and esophageal stricture(p = 0.04). Five patients(5%) exhibited esophageal strictures and required balloon dilation. On multivariate analysis, alkaline HCP ingestion(p = 0.04), severe esophageal caustic injury(Zargar grade ≥ 3) (p < 0.001), and medications(steroids [p < 0.001], antibiotics [p < 0.001], and antacids [p = 0.001]) were associated with esophageal stricture.
Alkaline HCP ingestion and severe esophageal caustic injury(Zargar grade ≥ 3) were associated with esophageal stricture. Physicians tended to prescribe medications(steroids, antibiotics, or antacids) for patients with severe esophageal injuries to reduce the risk of esophageal stricture. The usefulness of these medications requires further study.