■低头训练可以在执行双重任务(DT)时影响行为和神经认知控制。呼吸训练可改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的运动和认知能力。作为一种神经康复工具,功能近红外光谱(fNIRS)已被证明是检测运动恢复过程中大脑激活变化的有效方法,以及监测患者在运动和认知表现期间的长期进展。然而,目前还没有研究探讨头朝下的姿势和呼吸练习对DT期间运动和认知能力的综合影响.这项研究将采用一种新颖的干预措施,涉及头向下的强烈腹式呼吸训练,以研究其对COPD患者DT期间运动和认知表现的影响,旨在为社区和家庭的未来训练模式提供信息。
■我们将从安庆招募参与者,中国,通过社区公告,公告板张贴,微信,离线访视,筛查72例稳定期COPD患者,归类为全球慢性阻塞性肺疾病倡议(GOLD)I-II,由大学医院的肺病学家。将所有参与者随机分配到头朝下的强烈腹式呼吸(在倒置仪上倾斜角度0-30°,呼吸频率20-30次呼吸/分钟),低头训练,和强腹式呼吸训练组的比例为1:1:1。干预将持续12周,每周进行三次,持续1小时。
■主要结果将是运动认知DT时间,双重任务效应,对认知任务的正确反应,和基线时评估的步态特征,干预6周和12周。患者的背外侧前额叶皮质(PFC)也将用波长为730和850nm的fNIRS刺激,采样率为11Hz,记录氧合血红蛋白(oxy-Hb),脱氧血红蛋白(脱氧血红蛋白),和总氧合血红蛋白(total-Hb)。次要结果将包括呼吸困难的干预前后量表,整体认知功能,balance,焦虑和抑郁.
■注意控制中涉及的PFC的变化,规划,决策可以部分解释COPD患者的认知和运动缺陷(如平衡受损和步行速度较慢).这项研究可能有助于了解头下强式腹式呼吸训练对COPD患者DT下认知和运动表现的影响,并将其与头下训练和单独的呼吸训练进行比较。它也可能有助于确定它是否是在家庭和社区中简单有效的锻炼形式。
UNASSIGNED: Head-down training can affect behavioural and neurocognitive control while performing dual tasks (DT). Breathing training improves motor and cognitive performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). As a neurorehabilitation tool, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been demonstrated to be an effective method for detecting changes in brain activation during motor recovery, as well as monitoring patients\' long-term progress during DT in motor and cognitive performance. However, no studies have examined the combined effect of head-down position and breathing exercises on motor and cognitive performance during DT. This
study will employ a novel intervention involving head-down strong abdominal breathing training to investigate its effects on motor and cognitive performance during DT in patients with COPD aiming to inform future training modalities in the community and at home.
UNASSIGNED: We will recruit participants from Anqing, China, through community announcements, bulletin board postings, WeChat, and offline visits and screen 72 patients with stable COPD, classified as Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) I-II, by pulmonologists at the university hospital. All participants will be randomly assigned to the head-down strong abdominal breathing (tilt angle 0-30° on the inversion apparatus, respiratory rate 20-30 breaths/min), head-down training, and strong abdominal breathing training groups in a 1:1:1 ratio. The intervention will last 12 weeks, with sessions performed thrice weekly for 1 h.
UNASSIGNED: The primary outcomes will be motor-cognitive DT time, dual-task effects, correct responses to cognitive tasks, and gait characteristics assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks of intervention. The patient\'s dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) will also be stimulated with fNIRS at wavelengths of 730 and 850 nm, with a sampling rate of 11 Hz, to record oxy-haemoglobin (oxy-Hb), deoxy-haemoglobin (deoxy-Hb), and total oxyhaemoglobin (total-Hb). Secondary outcomes will include pre- and post-intervention scales for dyspnoea, overall cognitive function, balance, and anxiety and depression.
UNASSIGNED: Alterations in the PFC involved in attentional control, planning, and decision-making may partially explain cognitive and motor deficits (such as impaired balance and slower walking speed) in patients with COPD. This
study may help to understand the effects of head-down strong abdominal breathing training on cognitive and motor performance under DT in patients with COPD and compare it with head-down training and breathing training alone. It may also help to determine whether it is a simple and effective form of exercise at home and in the community.