目的:精神分裂症(SCZ)是全球流行的,严重的慢性精神障碍,认知功能障碍是其核心症状之一。值得注意的是,超重在SCZ患者中非常普遍,超重也会影响认知功能。因此,SCZ中超重与认知的关系是一个需要研究关注的临床问题。
方法:本研究纳入77例SCZ患者,包括36名超重和41名非超重患者。阳性和阴性综合征量表(PANSS)用于评估症状严重程度,而使用可重复的神经心理状态评估电池(RBANS)评估认知功能。进行了脑电图(EEG)测试,在不同频带上进行功率谱分析(δ,θ,α,β,低γ,和高γ)。
结果:与非超重SCZ患者相比,那些超重的人在即时记忆中表现出显著较低的RBANS总分和指数得分,视觉空间/构造能力,延迟记忆。EEG频谱分析显示,超重SCZ患者在β,低γ,和高γ频段相比,它们的非超重频段。相关分析表明,在超重SCZ患者中,β波活动与RBANS总分之间存在显着正相关。提示β功率降低与更严重的认知功能障碍相关。
结论:我们的研究结果表明,超重的SCZ患者在静息状态下的认知障碍比那些不超重的患者更严重,在β和γ频段观察到的EEG频谱存在显着差异。此外,我们的研究建立了各种脑电频谱维度与认知之间的相关性。这项研究强调了超重对SCZ患者认知的影响。此外,使用EEG技术研究超重SCZ患者的认知功能可以提供有价值的电生理见解。
OBJECTIVE: Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a globally prevalent, severe chronic mental disorder, with cognitive dysfunction being one of its core symptoms. Notably, overweight is exceedingly common among individuals with SCZ, and overweight can also impact cognitive function. Therefore, the relationship between overweight and cognition in SCZ is a clinical issue that is in need of research attention.
METHODS: This study enrolled 77 patients with SCZ, including 36 overweight and 41 non-overweight patients. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess symptom severity, while cognitive functions were evaluated using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Electroencephalography (EEG) testing was performed, with power spectral analysis conducted across various frequency bands (δ, θ, α, β, low γ, and high γ).
RESULTS: Compared to non-overweight SCZ patients, those overweight exhibited significantly lower RBANS total and index scores in immediate memory, visuospatial/constructional abilities, and delayed memory. EEG spectral analysis revealed that overweight SCZ patients demonstrated significantly lower oscillation power ratios in the β, low γ, and high γ frequency bands compared to their non-overweight counterparts. Correlation analyses indicated a significant positive relationship between β wave activity and RBANS total scores among overweight SCZ patients, suggesting that reduced β power correlates with more severe cognitive dysfunction.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that overweight SCZ patients experience more severe cognitive impairments in a resting state than those who are not overweight, with significant differences in EEG spectrum observed in the β and γ frequency bands. Additionally, our study establishes a correlation between various EEG spectrum dimensions and cognition. This research highlights the effects of overweight on cognition in individuals with SCZ. Additionally, employing EEG technology to study cognitive function in overweight SCZ patients can offer valuable electrophysiological insights.