Osteoporosis Canada 2023 clinical practice guidelines increase the number of individuals recommended or suggested for anti-osteoporosis pharmacotherapy by refining treatment guidance for those who fell within the 2010 guidelines\' moderate-risk category.
OBJECTIVE: In 2023, Osteoporosis Canada updated its 2010 clinical practice guidelines based upon consideration of fracture history, 10-year major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) risk, and BMD T-score in conjunction with age. The 2023 guidelines eliminated risk categories, including the moderate-risk group that did not provide clear treatment guidance. The current study was performed to appreciate the implications of the shift from 2010 risk categories to 2023 treatment guidance.
METHODS: The study population consisted of 79,654 individuals age ≥ 50 years undergoing baseline DXA testing from January 1996 to March 2018. Each individual was assigned to mutually exclusive categories based on 2010 and 2023 guideline recommendations. Treatment qualification, 10-year predicted and 10-year observed MOF risk were compared.
RESULTS: Treatment reclassification under the 2023 guidelines only affected 33.8% of individuals in the 2010 moderate-risk group, with 13.0% assigned to no treatment, 14.4% to suggest treatment, and 6.4% to recommend treatment. During the mean follow-up of 7.2 years, 6364 (8.0%) individuals experienced one or more incidents of MOF. The observed 10-year cumulative incidence of MOF in the study population was 10.5% versus the predicted 10.7% (observed to predicted mean calibration ratio 0.98, 95% CI 0.96-1.00). Individuals reclassified from 2010 moderate risk to 2023 recommend treatment were at greater MOF risk than those in the 2010 moderate-risk group assigned to 2023 suggest treatment or no treatment, but at lower risk than those in the 2010 high-risk group.
CONCLUSIONS: Osteoporosis Canada 2023 clinical practice guidelines affect individuals within the 2010 moderate-risk category, increasing the number for whom anti-osteoporosis pharmacotherapy is recommended or suggested. Increased treatment could reduce the population burden of osteoporotic fractures, though moderate-risk individuals now qualifying for treatment have a lower predicted and observed fracture risk than high-risk individuals recommended for treatment under the 2010 guidelines.

We conducted a review of 10 national guidelines from five EU countries to identify similarities or differences in recommendations for the management of patients with osteoporosis. We found general alignment of key recommendations; however, there are notable differences, largely attributed to country-specific approaches to risk assessment and reimbursement conditions.
BACKGROUND: The classification of fracture risk is critical for informing treatment decisions for post-menopausal osteoporosis. The aim of this review was to summarise 10 national guidelines from five European countries, with a focus on identifying similarities or differences in recommendations for the management of patients with osteoporosis.
METHODS: We summarised the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease-International Osteoporosis Foundation guidelines and reviewed guidelines from France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK.
RESULTS: The approach to risk assessment differed across the guidelines. In France, and Spain, risk assessment was based on DXA scans and presence of prior fractures, whereas UK, German and Italian guidelines recommended use of a validated risk tool. These differences led to distinct definitions of very high and high-risk patients. Guidelines aligned in recommending antiresorptive and anabolic agents as pharmacologic options for the management of osteoporosis, with sequential treatment recommended. There was agreement that patients at high or very high risk of fracture or with severe osteoporosis should receive anabolic agents first, followed by antiresorptive drugs. Variations were identified in recommendations for follow up of patients on anti-osteoporosis therapies. Reimbursement conditions in each country were a key difference identified.
CONCLUSIONS: Criteria for risk assessment of fractures differ across European guidelines which may impact treatment and access to anabolic agents. Harmonisation across EU guidelines may help identify patients eligible for treatment and impact treatment uptake. However, country-specific reimbursement and prescribing processes may present a challenge to achieving a consistent approach across Europe.

暂无摘要。

Bone-modifying agents are a class of drugs that alleviate a series of bone-related events such as pain, pathologic fracture, spinal cord compression, and hypercalcemia caused by bone metastases, and currently include bisphosphonates and RANKL inhibitors. Due to the widespread use of bone-modifying agents, the adverse effects of them are gradually increasing and affecting patients\' quality of life. The Breast Cancer Group, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and the International Medical Society, Chinese Anti-Cancer Association have organized relevant experts to focus on the treatment of bone metastases of advanced malignant tumors based on evidence-based medicine, discuss the management of adverse reactions to bone-modifying agents and form the consensus. Based on the first Expert Consensus on Safety Management of Bone-modifying Agents in China, this consensus added the definition of osteonecrosis of the jaw related to bone-modifying agents, the occurrence of adverse reactions of bone-modifying drugs reported in the literature, and summarized the clinical experience of clinicians in the management of adverse reactions in practice in recent years, and ultimately, the expert group members discussed and proposed reasonable suggestions to guide clinicians in the safety management of bone-modifying agents.
骨改良药物是一类缓解因骨转移引起的疼痛、病理性骨折、脊髓压迫、高钙血症等一系列骨相关事件药物的总称，目前包括双膦酸盐和RANKL抑制剂。由于骨改良药物广泛应用，其药物的不良反应逐渐增多，并影响患者的生活质量。中国医师协会肿瘤医师分会乳腺癌学组和中国抗癌协会国际医疗交流分会组织相关专家，基于循证医学证据，聚焦晚期恶性肿瘤骨转移的治疗，探讨骨改良药物不良反应的管理并形成共识。共识在我国2021年版的《骨改良药物安全性管理专家共识》基础上增加了骨改良药物相关颌骨坏死的定义，补充了更多骨改良药物不良反应的文献报道，总结了近年临床医师在实践中对不良反应处理的诊疗经验，最终经过专家组成员深入探讨提出合理建议，以指导临床医师对骨改良药物的安全性管理。.

UNASSIGNED: To quantitatively assess all dosage forms of three active vitamin D and its analogs, namely, calcitriol, alfacalcidol, and eldecalcitol, to provide a basis for the selection of active vitamin D and its analogs in hospitals.
UNASSIGNED: In this study, three active vitamin D and its analogs were evaluated by quantitative scoring in five dimensions, including pharmaceutical properties (28 points), efficacy (27 points), safety (25 points), economy (10 points), and other attributes (10 points).
UNASSIGNED: The final scores of quantitative assessment for the selection of alfacalcidol soft capsules, calcitriol soft capsules I, calcitriol soft capsules II, alfacalcidol tablets, alfacalcidol capsules, alfacalcidol oral drops, calcitriol injection, and eldecalcitol soft capsules were 73.17, 72.06, 71.52, 71.29, 69.62, 68.86, 65.60, 64.05 points.
UNASSIGNED: Based on the scoring results, alfacalcidol soft capsules, calcitriol soft capsules I, calcitriol soft capsules II, alfacalcidol tablets can be entered into the medication list of medical institutions as strongly recommended drugs. This study offers guidance on selecting and using active vitamin D and its analogs in hospitals, with consideration for the patient\'s needs.

This study compares osteoporosis management between tertiary East Coast hospitals and a FLS-accredited hospital in Malaysia. It identifies significant barriers and highlights the superior performance of FLS in areas like timely treatment initiation and treatment monitoring. The insights are crucial for improving osteoporosis management strategies.
BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis management poses a substantial healthcare challenge, necessitating effective strategies and Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) adherence.
METHODS: The study employed a self-administered online questionnaire via Google Forms. Orthopedic clinicians from all study sites were invited to participate via messaging platforms. A total of 135 participants completed the questionnaire and the data was proceeded to statistical analyses.
RESULTS: The study identified significant barriers, including inadequate knowledge of current osteoporosis guidelines and medications (p = 0.014), limited choice of anti-osteoporosis medication (p < 0.001), insufficient post-fracture care staff (p < 0.001), patients\' financial constraints due to socioeconomic status (p = 0.027), and lack of doctor-patient time (p = 0.042). FLS demonstrated superior performance in CPG adherence in areas such as clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis without BMD assessment (p = 0.046), timely treatment initiation (p < 0.001), treatment monitoring using BMD (p = 0.004), reassessment treatment after 3-5 years of bisphosphonate therapy (p = 0.034) and considering anabolic agents in very high-risk patients (p = 0.018).
CONCLUSIONS: The findings highlight an essential opportunity for improvement and emphasize the necessity for robust strategies and strict adherence to Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG), especially within tertiary East Coast hospitals. The exemplary efficacy demonstrated by the FLS model strongly advocates for its broader integration across multiple hospitals, promising substantial advancements in osteoporotic patient care outcomes throughout Malaysia.

With the aid of a new fracture risk model, the great treatment gap for osteoporosis should be closed. All patients older than 70 years should undergo a diagnostic procedure for osteoporosis. An additional risk threshold (≥ 10% per 3 years for femoral and vertebral fractures) should enable patients with a high risk of fracture to be treated with osteoanabolic agents. The use of osteoanabolic agents makes it necessary to administer antiresorptive drugs afterwards. Due to the low event rate of osteonecrosis of the jaw, the initiation of a specific osteoporosis treatment should not be delayed by prophylactic dental treatment. The adherence to the drug treatment should be improved by an individualized approach on the basis of a cooperation between patients, caregivers, and physicians. A regular assessment of falls, including the timed up and go test should be carried out in patients older than 70 years.
UNASSIGNED: Mithilfe eines neuen Frakturrisikomodells soll der großen Behandlungslücke der Osteoporose entgegengewirkt werden. Patientinnen und Patienten ab dem 70. Lebensjahr sollten eine Osteoporosediagnostik erhalten. Eine zusätzliche Risikoschwelle soll ermöglichen, dass Patienten bei sehr hohem Frakturrisiko (≥ 10 % pro 3 Jahre für Femur- und Wirbelkörperfrakturen) mit osteoanabolen Präparaten behandelt werden. Der Einsatz von osteoanabolen Präparaten erfordert im Therapieverlauf eine antiresorptive Anschlusstherapie. Der Beginn einer spezifischen Osteoporosetherapie soll wegen der niedrigen Ereignisrate von Kiefernekrosen durch eine zahnärztliche Prophylaxe nicht hinausgezögert werden. Zur Verbesserung der Therapieadhärenz sollen individuelle Lösungen auf der Grundlage der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Patient, Angehörigen und Ärztinnen und Ärzten gesucht werden. Eine regelmäßige Sturzanamnese unter Einschluss des Timed-up-and-go-Tests sollte ab einem Alter von 70 Jahren durchgeführt werden.

In September 2023, the guideline on the prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men was published as a completely revised guideline. The implications for practice include a change in the justifying indication for performing a bone density measurement, the time interval over which the fracture risk is determined, the level and number of therapy thresholds, and the recommendations for the therapeutic approach that are adapted to the individual fracture risk present. Risk assessment for the prediction of spine and hip fractures is essential in the context of osteoporosis diagnostics. In addition to age and gender, there are a total of 33 risk factors to determine the individual risk of fracture. Much more attention is paid to the assessment of the risk of falls and, depending on the result, combined with recommendations for muscle training and protein intake from the age of 65. Risk indicators must also be taken into account when determining the indication for osteoporosis diagnosis, as well as the risk factors of the imminent risk of fracture. The indication for baseline diagnostics has changed from the >20% 10-year fracture risk to diagnostics in postmenopausal women and in men aged 50 years and older, depending on the fracture risk factor profile. This eliminates a specific fracture risk threshold for basic diagnostics. Thus, in the young patient group (50-60 years), the risk factors considered medically relevant for the indication for osteoporosis diagnosis must be taken into account. New thresholds as an indication for initiating therapy is the determination of fracture risk using a risk calculator over 3 years instead of 10 years. The indication for drug therapy should be based on the threshold values of the DVO risk model. The data clearly suggests a significantly faster and more effective fracture risk-reducing effect of anabolic therapy. This is recommended in the first sequence in cases of a very high risk of fracture from 10%/3 years with osteoanabolic active substances (teriparatide or romosozumab). Such a therapy sequence should be initiated directly and not delayed due to upcoming dental procedures. Follow-up therapy to consolidate the reduction of fracture risk should be chosen individually.
PRAXISRELEVANTE ÄNDERUNGEN DER LEITLINIE 2023: Änderung der Indikation zur Durchführung einer Knochendichtemessung, das Zeitintervall, über das das Frakturrisiko bestimmt wird, die Höhe und Anzahl an Therapieschwellen sowie die Empfehlungen zum therapeutischen Vorgehen, die an das individuell vorliegende Frakturrisiko angepasst sind.
UNASSIGNED: Der Erfassung des Sturzrisikos wird deutlich mehr Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt und je nach Ergebnis mit Empfehlungen zum Muskeltraining und der Proteinaufnahme ab dem Alter von 65 Jahren kombiniert. Risikoindikatoren sind bei der Indikationsstellung für eine Osteoporosediagnostik zusätzlich zu berücksichtigen wie auch die Risikofaktoren des imminenten Frakturrisikos.
UNASSIGNED: Die Indikation zur Basisdiagnostik hat sich vom >20%-igen 10-Jahres-Frakturrisiko zu einer Diagnostik bei Frauen nach Eintritt der Menopause und bei Männern ab dem Alter von 50 Jahren abhängig vom Frakturrisikofaktorenprofil geändert. Eine spezifische Frakturrisikoschwelle zur Basisdiagnostik entfällt damit. Neue Schwellenwerte als Indikation für die Einleitung einer Therapie ist die Bestimmung des Frakturrisikos mittels Risikorechner über 3 Jahre anstelle von 10 Jahren. Die Indikationsstellung zur medikamentösen Therapie sollte anhand der Schwellenwerte des DVO-Risikomodells erfolgen.
UNASSIGNED: Die Aufteilung in Risikogruppen ermöglicht die Identifizierung von Betroffenen mit sehr hohem Frakturrisiko. Die anabole Therapie ist in erster Sequenz in Fällen eines sehr stark erhöhten Frakturrisikos ab 10%/3 Jahre mit osteoanabol-wirksamen Substanzen (Teriparatid oder Romosozumab) empfohlen. Eine solche Therapiesequenz soll direkt eingeleitet werden und nicht wegen anstehender zahnärztlicher Eingriffe verzögert werden. Die Anschlusstherapie zur Konsolidierung der Frakturrisikosenkung ist individuell zu wählen.

暂无摘要。

Osteoporotic fracture is the most serious complication of osteoporosis, which is a special type of pathologic fracture of the skeleton that occurs because of osteoporosis. It is characterized by delayed fracture healing, high risk of re-fracture, high rate of disability and death, difficulty in treatment and long treatment time, and re-fracture has a\"cascade effect\". Guidelines in different countries recommend that patients with osteoporotic fractures and those at very high risk of fracture should consider anabolic agents as first treatment choice. Teriparatide is the only anabolic agent approved by National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), and it has the clinical efficacy of improving fracture healing, reducing the risk of re-fracture, and improving bone microstructure in the treatment of osteoporotic fracture. Due to deficiencies in the current standardization of clinical use of teriparatide, Committee of Accelerated Rehabilitation After Osteoporotic Fractures of China Association of Rehabilitation Technology Transformation and Promotion, Bone and Joint Group of Chinese Society of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research and Osteoporosis Working Committee of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons developed this consensus. The development of this consensus follows the modified Delphi method and forms 8 evidence-based medical recommendations, aiming to propose methods and precautions for standardizing the application of teriparatide, and to emphasize the importance of teriparatide application for the treatment of patients with osteoporotic fracture.
骨质疏松性骨折是骨质疏松最严重的并发症，是骨骼在骨质疏松病变的基础上发生的一种特殊类型的病理性骨折，具有愈合困难、再骨折风险高、致残致死率高、治疗难度大、治疗时间长的特点，且再骨折具有“级联效应”。各国指南建议，骨质疏松性骨折患者和极高危骨折风险患者应首先考虑促成骨治疗。特立帕肽是中国目前唯一已被批准应用于临床的促成骨类药物，在治疗骨质疏松性骨折时具有促进骨折愈合、降低再骨折风险、改善骨微结构等临床疗效。针对目前特立帕肽临床使用标准与规范的不足，由中国康复技术转化与发展促进会骨质疏松性骨折加速康复专业委员会、中华医学会骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病委员会骨与关节学组以及中国医师协会骨科医师分会骨质疏松工作委员会联合组织相关学科专家起草制订本共识。本共识制订遵循改良Delphi法，形成8条循证医学推荐意见，旨在提出科学规范应用特立帕肽的方法和注意事项，强调特立帕肽应用对于骨质疏松性骨折患者治疗的重要性。.