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BACKGROUND: Type II diabetes mellitus is associated with an increasing prevalence and incidence, and with a heavy economic burden in Western countries. As a consequence, health authorities consider that avoidance or delay of occurrence of diabetes-related micro- and macro-angiopathic complications is a public health priority, leading to the definition of treatment guidelines. The aim of the study was to assess the budgetary impact of the application of the French guidelines.
METHODS: Etiologic cost ratios.
RESULTS: Our results conclude that 10% decrease in body mass index (BMI) among overweight patients, smoking cessation, initiation to undertake a preventive treatment with low-dose aspirin, initiation to undertake or intensify blood pressure control, initiation to undertake or intensify lipidic control, and shift to biguanides among overweight patients are factors associated with significant benefits (avoided costs) which compensate for the increase in treatment costs. The main beneficial strategies are, in decreasing order, initiation to undertake a preventive treatment with low-dose aspirin, smoking cessation, and control of BMI.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results support interest in reinforcing the application of current treatment guidelines for type II diabetes mellitus.

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OBJECTIVE: To analyse diabetes drug use in a defined population during 20 years in relation to recommendations in published guidelines.
METHODS: From the Tierp Study Database, all medical records for diabetes patients at the primary health care centre in Tierp municipality and all prescriptions for diabetes drugs at the local pharmacies during the period 1975-1994 were collected. Data for 2125 persons were obtained, generating 13,190 person-years of observation.
METHODS: Tierp primary health care district.
METHODS: Diabetes treatment.
RESULTS: The annual prevalence of diabetes mellitus increased from 2.8% (565 patients) to 3.8% (734 patients). When guidelines emphasised diet treatment, treatment with diet only increased and oral pharmacological treatment decreased. When guidelines emphasised better glycaemic control, diet only decreased and biguanide treatment increased, and when guidelines emphasised vigorous glycaemic control, treatment with diet only decreased further and sulphonylurea and insulin use increased. The substantial age and sex differences in antidiabetic drug use at the beginning of the period were partly reduced over time.
CONCLUSIONS: The considerable changes in antidiabetic drug use during the study period coincided with changes in the guidelines issued. The age and sex differences in drug use became less pronounced towards the end of the period.

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