由于迫切需要保护,淡水小龙虾的免疫力受到了极大的关注。这种关注增加了对细胞和体液防御系统的理解,尽管这些过程中涉及的监管机制需要更新。有,然而,需要澄清和整合的免疫反应方面。这篇评论中涉及的特定问题包括对卵菌阿phanomycesastaci的总体描述,大流行性鼠疫疾病的病原体,影响淡水小龙虾,以及以淡水小龙虾为重点的甲壳类动物免疫力概述。它包括血细胞亚型的分类系统,参与造血的分子因素和血细胞亚群在细胞介导的反应中的不同作用,包括血细胞浸润,炎症,封装和与细胞外陷阱细胞死亡途径(ETosis)的联系。此外,讨论的其他主题包括透明细胞的身份和功能,肿瘤的产生,以及无柄血细胞在外周免疫中作用的新兴话题。最后,注意免疫反应的分子执行,从模式识别受体(PRR)的识别,信号网络在传播和维持免疫信号中的作用,效应元件,如唐氏综合征粘附分子(Dscam)在先天免疫记忆中的推定功能。
Freshwater crayfish immunity has received great attention due to the need for urgent conservation. This concern has increased the understanding of the cellular and humoral defense systems, although the regulatory mechanisms involved in these processes need updating. There are, however, aspects of the immune response that require clarification and integration. The particular issues addressed in this
review include an overall description of the oomycete
Aphanomyces astaci, the causative agent of the pandemic plague disease, which affects freshwater crayfish, and an overview of crustaceans\' immunity with a focus on freshwater crayfish. It includes a classification system of hemocyte sub-types, the molecular factors involved in hematopoiesis and the differential role of the hemocyte subpopulations in cell-mediated responses, including hemocyte infiltration, inflammation, encapsulation and the link with the extracellular trap cell death pathway (ETosis). In addition, other topics discussed include the identity and functions of hyaline cells, the generation of neoplasia, and the emerging topic of the role of sessile hemocytes in peripheral immunity. Finally, attention is paid to the molecular execution of the immune response, from recognition by the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), the role of the signaling network in propagating and maintaining the immune signals, to the effector elements such as the putative function of the Down syndrome adhesion molecules (Dscam) in innate immune memory.