目的:分析安庆市5种马铃薯的营养成分及营养价值评价。
方法:根据《食品成分监测项目技术手册》的要求,从安庆市收集了5种马铃薯样品,安徽省。用国家标准检测方法测定了水、水等营养成分,灰,蛋白质,脂肪,膳食纤维,糖,矿物,维生素,和样品中的氨基酸。营养质量指标(INQ)方法用于评估蛋白质,维生素,矿物,采用氨基酸评分标准模式(FAO/WHO模式)评价氨基酸的营养价值。
结果:在5种马铃薯中,紫薯的蛋白质含量最高(2.3g/100g),膳食纤维含量最高(3.6g/100g)。红薯的胡萝卜素含量最高(4003μg/100g),白薯中维生素C含量最高(15.4mg/100g)。马铃薯中的糖主要以三种形式存在:果糖,葡萄糖,和蔗糖;紫色土豆的钙含量最高(47毫克/100克)和磷含量最高(74毫克/100克),分别。土豆(白色)的钾含量最高(401mg/100g),而红薯(红色)的镁含量最高(31mg/100g)。钠(104.0毫克/100克),铁(0.9毫克/100克),铜(0.17毫克/100克),而锰(0.40mg/100g)在甘薯(白色)中含量最高。5个马铃薯品种的Na/K比值范围为0.003-0.456,钾,镁,铜,和锰均大于1。5个马铃薯的检测结果均含有18种氨基酸,天冬氨酸最高。氨基酸评分(AAS)为0.29-1.35,比值系数(RC)为0.47-1.69。
结论:5种马铃薯富含膳食纤维,维生素C和矿物质,属于高钾低钠型食物。土豆可以满足人体对磷的日常需要,钾,镁铜,和锰元素。赖氨酸含量丰富,可作为谷物的营养补充剂。AAS评分和RC接近1,AAS评价模式更接近人氨基酸组成模式,可以满足人体对这种必需氨基酸的日常需求。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the nutrient composition and nutritional value evaluation of 5 potatoes in Anqing City.
METHODS: According to the requirements of the Technical Manual for Food Composition Monitoring Projects, 5 types of potato samples were collected from Anqing City, Anhui Province. National standard detection method were used to determine the nutritional components such as water, ash, protein, fat, dietary fiber, sugar, minerals, vitamins, and amino acids in the samples. The index of nutritional quality(INQ) method was used to evaluate proteins, vitamins, and minerals, and the amino acid scoring standard mode(FAO/WHO mode) was used to evaluate the nutritional value of amino acids.
RESULTS: Among the 5 types of potatoes, purple potato had the highest protein(2.3 g/100 g) and dietary fiber content(3.6 g/100 g). Sweet potato(red) had the highest carotene content(4003 μg/100 g), sweet potato(white) had the highest content of vitamin C(15.4 mg/100 g). Sugar in potatoes mainly existed in three forms: fructose, glucose, and sucrose; Purple potatoes had the highest levels of calcium(47 mg/100 g) and phosphorus(74 mg/100 g), respectively. Potatoes(white) had the highest content of potassium(401 mg/100 g), while sweet potatoes(red) had the highest content of magnesium(31 mg/100 g). Sodium(104.0 mg/100 g), iron(0.9 mg/100 g), copper(0.17 mg/100 g), and manganese(0.40 mg/100 g) had the highest content in sweet potatoes(white). The Na/K ratio range of the 5 potato varieties was 0.003-0.456, and the INQ of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, copper, and manganese were greater than 1. The detection result of 5 potatoes all contain 18 amino acids, and aspartic acid was the highest. The amino acid score(AAS) was 0.29-1.35, and the ratio coefficient(RC) was 0.47-1.69.
CONCLUSIONS: The 5 types of potatoes are rich in dietary fiber, vitamin C and minerals, and belong to the high potassium and low sodium type of food. Potatoes can meet the daily needs of the human body for phosphorus, potassium, magnesium copper, and manganese elements. Lysine is rich in content and can be used as a nutritional supplement for grains. The AAS score and RC are close to 1, and the AAS evaluation mode is closer to the human amino acid composition mode, which can meet the daily needs of the human body for this essential amino acid.