芸苔Brevicoryne,蚜虫物种,专门食用十字花科植物,并采用复杂的防御机制,该机制涉及黑芥子酶,可分解从其寄主植物中获得的芥子油苷。在这项工作中,我们采用结合量子力学和分子力学(QM/MM)计算和分子动力学(MD)模拟来研究蚜虫黑芥子酶的催化反应。研究黑芥子酶反应的适当QM区域应包含整个底物,Gln-19,His-122,Asp-124,Asn-166,Glu-167,Lys-173,Tyr-180,Val-228,Tyr-309,Tyr-346,Ile-347,Glu-374,Glu-423,Trp-424和水分子的模型。计算表明,Asp-124和Glu-423必须带电,His-122必须在NE2上质子化,Glu-167必须在OE2上质子化。我们的模型再现了黑芥子酶的异构体保留特性,并表明去糖基化反应是反应的速率决定步骤。根据计算,我们提出了蚜虫黑芥子酶介导的芥子油苷水解的反应机制,总屏障为15.2kcal/mol。根据结果,从Arg-312中去除质子或将其改变为缬氨酸或蛋氨酸会增加糖基化屏障,但会降低去糖基化屏障。
Brevicoryne brassicae, an aphid species, exclusively consumes plants from the Brassicaceae family and employs a sophisticated defense mechanism involving a myrosinase enzyme that breaks down glucosinolates obtained from its host plants. In this work, we employed combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to
study the catalytic reaction of aphid myrosinase. A proper QM region to
study the myrosinase reaction should contain the whole substrate, models of Gln-19, His-122, Asp-124, Asn-166, Glu-167, Lys-173, Tyr-180, Val-228, Tyr-309, Tyr-346, Ile-347, Glu-374, Glu-423, Trp-424, and a water molecule. The calculations show that Asp-124 and Glu-423 must be charged, His-122 must be protonated on NE2, and Glu-167 must be protonated on OE2. Our model reproduces the anomeric retaining characteristic of myrosinase and indicates that the deglycosylation reaction is the rate-determining step of the reaction. Based on the calculations, we propose a reaction mechanism for aphid myrosinase-mediated hydrolysis of glucosinolates with an overall barrier of 15.2 kcal/mol. According to the results, removing a proton from Arg-312 or altering it to valine or methionine increases glycosylation barriers but decreases the deglycosylation barrier.