天牛芭蕾舞演员和布鲁内托氏菌属。11月。是从泰国引进的。Amanitafuligineoides也首次从泰国报道,增加这个分类单元的已知分布。一起,这些发现支持了我们的观点,即该地区尚未发现许多分类单元。虽然形态特征和多基因系统发育都清楚地将Brunneitoxicaria和A.fuligineoides置于教派中。Phalloideae(Fr.)奎尔。,芭蕾舞演员的位置是有问题的。一方面,芭蕾舞女演员的形态显示出与sect的马蹄Limbatula的明显亲和力。Lepidella.另一方面,在多基因系统发育中,包括subg中所有部分的分类单元。Lepidella,A.芭蕾舞演员和另外两个物种,包括A.zangii,与1969年的PhalloideaesensuBas形成一个支持良好的进化枝姐妹,其中包括致命的“死亡帽”和“摧毁天使”。一起,芭蕾舞演员A.zangii进化枝和1969年的PhalloideaesensuBas也形成了一个支持良好的进化枝。因此,我们通过HPLC-MS分析来自担子的甲醇提取物,筛选了两种最臭名昭著的毒素。有趣的是,在芭蕾舞演员中既没有发现α-amanitin也没有发现phalloidin,而Amanitafligineoides被证实同时含有α-amanitin和phalloidin,和布鲁内托克氏菌仅含有α-amanitin。加上独特的形态特征,系统发育中的位置表明,芭蕾舞女演员是致命的Amanita教派进化中的重要环节。蝴蝶科物种,或包括A.zangii在内的新部门的成员。
Amanita ballerina and A. brunneitoxicaria spp. nov. are introduced from Thailand.
Amanita fuligineoides is also reported for the first time from Thailand, increasing the known distribution of this taxon. Together, those findings support our view that many taxa are yet to be discovered in the region. While both morphological characters and a multiple-gene phylogeny clearly place A. brunneitoxicaria and A. fuligineoides in sect. Phalloideae (Fr.) Quél., the placement of A. ballerina is problematic. On the one hand, the morphology of A. ballerina shows clear affinities with stirps Limbatula of sect. Lepidella. On the other hand, in a multiple-gene phylogeny including taxa of all sections in subg. Lepidella, A. ballerina and two other species, including A. zangii, form a well-supported clade sister to the Phalloideae sensu Bas 1969, which include the lethal \"death caps\" and \"destroying angels\". Together, the A. ballerina-A. zangii clade and the Phalloideae sensu Bas 1969 also form a well-supported clade. We therefore screened for two of the most notorious toxins by HPLC-MS analysis of methanolic extracts from the basidiomata. Interestingly, neither α-amanitin nor phalloidin was found in A. ballerina, whereas
Amanita fuligineoides was confirmed to contain both α-amanitin and phalloidin, and A. brunneitoxicaria contained only α-amanitin. Together with unique morphological characteristics, the position in the phylogeny indicates that A. ballerina is either an important link in the evolution of the deadly
Amanita sect. Phalloideae species, or a member of a new section also including A. zangii.