背景：空气传播感染的医院传播，如H1N1，耐药结核病，尼帕病毒病，最近有报道，并与有限的空气传播感染控制策略有关。本研究的目的是评估医疗机构的空气传播感染控制（AIC）实践和遵守国家AIC（NAIC）指南，2010.
方法：在喀拉拉邦五个随机选择的地区中选择的25家公立和25家私立医院进行了横断面研究。根据NAIC指南制定了包含62个组件的清单。频率,百分比,和带标准差的平均值用于总结设施风险评估和指南的合规性.
结果：大多数机构都有35个感染控制委员会（70%）。在21个（42％）设施中对员工进行了年度感染控制培训。20家(40%)机构不熟悉NAIC指南。在5个（10％）机构中进行了关于咳嗽礼仪的咨询。在27个（54％）机构的门诊部门中存在交叉通气。在43个（86％）机构中妥善处理了痰。N95口罩在7个（14％）医疗机构的高风险环境中可用。
结论：在遵守NAIC指南的所有组成部分方面存在缺陷，包括行政，环境,以及在该州的政府和私人医院中使用个人防护设备。
BACKGROUND: Nosocomial transmission of airborne infections, such as H1N1, drug-resistant tuberculosis, and Nipah virus disease, has been reported recently and has been linked to the limited airborne infection control strategies. The objective of the current
study was to assess the health facilities for airborne infection control (AIC) practices and adherence to the National AIC (NAIC) guidelines, 2010.
METHODS: A cross-sectional
study was conducted in 25 public and 25 private hospitals selected from five randomly selected districts in the state of Kerala. A checklist with 62 components was developed based on the NAIC guidelines. Frequencies, percentages, and mean with standard deviation were used to summarize facility risk assessment and compliance to guidelines.
RESULTS: Most of the facilities had infection control committees 35 (70%). Annual infection control trainings were held for staff in 21 (42%) facilities. Twenty (40%) facilities were not familiar with NAIC guidelines. Counseling on cough etiquette at registration was practiced in 5 (10%) institutions. Cross ventilation was present in outpatient departments in 27 (54%) institutions. Sputum was disposed properly in 43 (86%) institutions. N95 masks were available in high-risk settings in 7 (14%) health facilities.
CONCLUSIONS: There exist deficiencies in adherence to all components of NAIC guidelines including administrative, environmental, and use of personal protective equipment in both government and private hospitals in the state.
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