在畜牧业生产环境中，通过气溶胶传播传染病是一个长期存在的问题，由于疾病传播的气溶胶途径可能导致难以控制和昂贵的疾病，如猪呼吸和生殖综合征病毒和甲型流感病毒。越来越有必要实施控制技术来减轻基于气溶胶的疾病传播。这里,我们回顾了目前使用的和未来的气溶胶控制技术，以收集和潜在灭活气溶胶中的病原体，强调可以纳入机械驱动（强制空气）通风系统的技术，以防止基于气溶胶的疾病在设施之间传播。广义上,我们发现控制技术可以分为三类:(1)当前实施的技术;(2)工业和医疗环境中使用的缩放技术;和(3)新兴技术。类别(1)仅由纤维过滤介质组成，已被证明可以减少猪生产设施之间PRRSV的传播。我们回顾了过滤器运行和评级的机制(最低效率报告值)。类别（2）包括静电除尘器（ESP），在工业上用于在更高流速的系统中收集气溶胶颗粒，和紫外线C(UV-C)系统，用于医疗机构灭活病原体。最后,类别(3)由多种技术组成，包括基于电离的系统，微波,那些产生活性氧的，通常以气溶胶中病原体灭活为目标。由于此类技术通常首先通过实验室规模的各种手段进行测试，我们还审查了不同开发阶段的控制技术测试技术，从实验室研究到现场演示，在这样做的过程中，建议需要统一的测试和报告标准。测试标准应考虑实施适用于感兴趣的牲畜物种的技术的成本效益。最后,我们研究实施气溶胶控制技术的经济模型，定义每单位能量需求收集的传染性颗粒。
Transmission of infectious agents via aerosols is an ever-present concern in animal agriculture production settings, as the aerosol route to disease transmission can lead to difficult-to-control and costly diseases, such as porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus and influenza A virus. It is increasingly necessary to implement control technologies to mitigate aerosol-based disease transmission. Here, we
review currently utilized and prospective future aerosol control technologies to collect and potentially inactivate pathogens in aerosols, with an emphasis on technologies that can be incorporated into mechanically driven (forced air) ventilation systems to prevent aerosol-based disease spread from facility to facility. Broadly, we find that control technologies can be grouped into three categories: (1) currently implemented technologies; (2) scaled technologies used in industrial and medical settings; and (3) emerging technologies. Category (1) solely consists of fibrous filter media, which have been demonstrated to reduce the spread of PRRSV between swine production facilities. We
review the mechanisms by which filters function and are rated (minimum efficiency reporting values). Category (2) consists of electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), used industrially to collect aerosol particles in higher flow rate systems, and ultraviolet C (UV-C) systems, used in medical settings to inactivate pathogens. Finally, category (3) consists of a variety of technologies, including ionization-based systems, microwaves, and those generating reactive oxygen species, often with the goal of pathogen inactivation in aerosols. As such technologies are typically first tested through varied means at the laboratory scale, we additionally
review control technology testing techniques at various stages of development, from laboratory studies to field demonstration, and in doing so, suggest uniform testing and report standards are needed. Testing standards should consider the cost-benefit of implementing the technologies applicable to the livestock species of interest. Finally, we examine economic models for implementing aerosol control technologies, defining the collected infectious particles per unit energy demand.
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