许多人类疾病是由能源生产和需求之间的不平衡引起的。磁共振波谱(MRS)和磁共振成像(MRI)为体内评估组织代谢中的几个基本事件提供了独特的机会,而无需使用电离辐射。特别感兴趣的是,参与ATP产生和利用的磷酸盐代谢物可以通过磷31(31P)MRS/MRI进行非侵入性定量。此外,31P磁化转移(MT)技术允许通过肌酸激酶(CK)和ATP合酶在体内测量代谢通量。然而,31P-MRS/MRI临床应用的主要障碍是获得足够的信噪比所必需的过长的采集时间和/或低的空间分辨率。在这次审查中,介绍了当前在基础科学和临床研究中使用的31P-MRS/MRI技术。还讨论了快速31P-MRS/MRI方法的最新进展。
Many human diseases are caused by an imbalance between energy production and demand. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide the unique opportunity for in vivo assessment of several fundamental events in tissue metabolism without the use of ionizing radiation. Of particular interest, phosphate metabolites that are involved in ATP generation and utilization can be quantified noninvasively by phosphorous-31 (31P) MRS/MRI. Furthermore, 31P magnetization transfer (MT) techniques allow in vivo measurement of metabolic fluxes via creatine kinase (CK) and ATP synthase. However, a major impediment for the clinical applications of 31P-MRS/MRI is the prohibitively long acquisition time and/or the low spatial resolution that are necessary to achieve adequate signal-to-noise ratio. In this
review, current 31P-MRS/MRI techniques used in basic science and clinical research are presented. Recent advances in the development of fast 31P-MRS/MRI methods are also discussed.