Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are rare benign bone lesions with a predilection for the metaphysis of long bones. They are often cystic, expansive, and osteolytic and may result in bony deformity. In general, there remains debate about optimal treatment for ABCs; however, the mainstay typically consists of a combination of curettage, bone grafting, and considering the need for internal fixation and osteotomies. The goals of treatment include preserving bony anatomy while eliminating the lesion. There is sparse literature regarding the treatment of osteoarthritis adjacent to benign bony tumors. If total hip arthroplasty is chosen as a treatment option, diligent preoperative planning is required, and the surgeon must assess the patient\'s bone stock, account for bony deformity, and utilize specific implants and techniques based on the patient\'s characteristics. We present a case of an adult patient with proximal femur ABC and symptomatic adjacent hip osteoarthritis who underwent treatment with total hip arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND: Several risk scores have attempted to risk stratify patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) who are at a lower risk of requiring hospital-based interventions or negative outcomes including death. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare predictive abilities of pre-endoscopic scores in prognosticating the absence of adverse events in patients with UGIB.
METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Central, and ISI Web of knowledge from inception to February 2023. All fully published studies assessing a pre-endoscopic score in patients with UGIB were included. The primary outcome was a composite score for the need of a hospital-based intervention (endoscopic therapy, surgery, angiography, or blood transfusion). Secondary outcomes included: mortality, rebleeding, or the individual endpoints of the composite outcome. Both proportional and comparative analyses were performed.
RESULTS: Thirty-eight studies were included from 2153 citations, (n = 36,215 patients). Few patients with a low Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS) cutoff (0, ≤1 and ≤2) required hospital-based interventions (0.02 (0.01, 0.05), 0.04 (0.02, 0.09) and 0.03 (0.02, 0.07), respectively). The proportions of patients with clinical Rockall (CRS = 0) and ABC (≤3) scores requiring hospital-based intervention were 0.19 (0.15, 0.24) and 0.69 (0.62, 0.75), respectively. GBS (cutoffs 0, ≤1 and ≤2), CRS (cutoffs 0, ≤1 and ≤2), AIMS65 (cutoffs 0 and ≤1) and ABC (cutoffs ≤1 and ≤3) scores all were associated with few patients (0.01-0.04) dying. The proportion of patients suffering other secondary outcomes varied between scoring systems but, in general, was lowest for the GBS. GBS (using cutoffs 0, ≤1 and ≤2) showed excellent discriminative ability in predicting the need for hospital-based interventions (OR 0.02, (0.00, 0.16), 0.00 (0.00, 0.02) and 0.01 (0.00, 0.01), respectively). A CRS cutoff of 0 was less discriminative. For the other secondary outcomes, discriminative abilities varied between scores but, in general, the GBS (using cutoffs up to 2) was clinically useful for most outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: A GBS cut-off of one or less prognosticated low-risk patients the best. Expanding the GBS cut-off to 2 maintains prognostic accuracy while allowing more patients to be managed safely as outpatients. The evidence is limited by the number, homogeneity, quality, and generalizability of available data and subjectivity of deciding on clinical impact. Additional, comparative and, ideally, interventional studies are needed.

\"Attachment and Biobehavioural Catch-Up\" (ABC) is a 10 session home visiting program, grounded in attachment theory. It aims to improve child emotion regulation, attachment and behavioral outcomes through changing caregivers\' attachment related behaviors. There is increasing evidence with respect to the effectiveness of ABC in producing positive child outcomes, but the intervention\'s direct effect on parent outcomes remains unclear. This review examined the association of ABC with attachment related parent outcomes. The PubMed, EMBASE, PyschINFO and SCOPUS databases were searched for relevant studies in August 2021, and again in April 2022. The eligibility criteria for included studies were (1) infants aged 0-27 months at time of the ABC intervention, (2) \"at risk\" parents, (3) controlled trials published in peer-reviewed journals and (4) utilized a measure of attachment related parent outcomes. Eleven eligible studies were included. The findings showed ABC had a significant small to medium effect on a variety of attachment related parent outcomes among parents presenting with multiple psychosocial risk factors. \"Sensitivity\" was measured most frequently, with small to medium main effect sizes recorded at follow-up, compared to controls. Implications for the clinical effectiveness of the ABC program in community settings are discussed. Future research should clarify who ABC is most effective for and how it compares to similar interventions.
“El Alcance de Afectividad y Biocounducta” (ABC) es un programa de visita a casa en 10 sesiones, fundamentado en la teoría de la afectividad. Su meta es mejorar en el niño los resultados de la regulación de la emoción, de afectividad y de comportamiento por medio de cambiar el comportamiento relacionado con la afectividad de quien presta el cuidado. La evidencia con respecto a la eficacia de ABC para producir resultados positivos en el niño va en aumento, pero el efecto directo de la intervención sobre el resultado en el progenitor aún no está claro. Esta revisión examinó la asociación entre ABC y los resultados en el progenitor relacionados con la afectividad. Se investigaron los bancos de datos PubMed, EMBASE, PyschINFO y SCOPUS en agosto de 2021 en busca de estudios relevantes, lo cual se hizo otra vez en abril de 2022. Los criterios para elegir los estudios que se incluirían fueron (1) infantes de edad entre 0 y 27 meses al momento de la intervención ABC, (2) progenitores “bajo riesgo,” (3) ensayos controlados publicados en revistas de aceptación profesional rigurosa y (4) la utilización de una medida de afectividad relacionada con los resultados en el progenitor. Se incluyeron once estudios que reunían los criterios. Lo que encontramos mostró que ABC tenía un efecto entre significativamente pequeño y medio en cuanto a una variedad de afectividad relacionada con los resultados en el progenitor entre progenitores que presentaban múltiples factores de riesgo sicosociales. La “sensibilidad” fue medida con mayor frecuencia, con anotación de la dimensión de los efectos de pequeños a medianos al momento del seguimiento, en comparación con el grupo de control. Se discuten las implicaciones para la eficacia clínica de ABC en la comunidad. La investigación futura debe aclarar para quién es ABC más eficaz y cómo se compara con intervenciones similares.
“L\'attachement et le rattrapage bio-comportemental” (Attachment and Biobehavioural Catch-Up, soit ABC) est un programme de visite à domicile de 10 sessions, basé sur la théorie de l\'attachement. Il a pour but d\'améliorer la régulation de l’émotion de l\'enfant, l\'attachement et les résultats de comportement en changeant les comportements liés à l\'attachement de la personne prenant soin du bébé. On a de plus en plus de données pour ce qui concerne l\'efficacité de l\'ABC à donner des résultats positifs pour l\'enfant, mais l\'effet direct de l\'intervention sur le résultat parental n\'est pas très clair. Ce compte-rendu a examiné le lien de l\'ABC avec les résultats d\'attachement liés au parent. Les bases de données PubMed, EMBASE, PyschINFO et SCOPUS ont fait l\'objet d\'une recherche pour des études pertinentes à ce sujet en août 2021 et à nouveau en avril 2022. Les critères d’éligibilité pour les études inclues ont été (1) bébés âgés de 0-27 mois au moment de l\'intervention ABC, (2) parents “à risque”, (3) essais contrôlés publiés dans des publications à comité de lecture et (4) ayant utilisé une mesure d\'attachement liée aux résultats du parent. Onze études éligibles ont été inclues. Les résultats ont montré que l\'ABC avait un effet relativement petit à moyen sur plusieurs résultats du parent liés à l\'attachement chez les parents présentant plusieurs risques psychosociaux. La “sensibilité” a été mesurée le plus fréquemment, avec des tailles d\'effet de petit à moyen enregistrées au suivi, comparés aux contrôles. Les implications pour l\'efficacité clinique de l\'ABC dans un contexte de communauté sont discutées. Les recherches futures devraient clarifier pour qui l\'ABC est le plus efficace et comment on peut le comparer à des interventions similaires.
Die Auswirkungen des “Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up”-Programms auf das bindungsbezogene Verhalten von Eltern - eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit “Attachment and Biobehavioural Catch-Up” (ABC) ist ein 10 Sitzungen umfassendes Hausbesuchsprogramm, das auf der Bindungstheorie basiert. Es zielt darauf ab, Emotionsregulation, Bindung und Verhaltensoutcomes von Kindern zu verbessern, indem das bindungsbezogene Verhalten der Betreuungspersonen verändert wird. Zwar gibt es immer mehr Belege für die Wirksamkeit des ABC-Programms bezüglich positiver Outcomes bei Kindern, aber inwiefern sich die Intervention direkt auf Outcomes bei Eltern auswirkt, ist noch unklar. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen ABC und bindungsbezogenen Elternoutcomes untersucht. Im August 2021 und erneut im April 2022 wurden die Datenbanken PubMed, EMBASE, PyschINFO und SCOPUS nach relevanten Studien durchsucht. Zulassungskriterien für die eingeschlossenen Studien waren (1) Säuglinge im Alter von 0 bis 27 Monaten zum Zeitpunkt der ABC-Intervention, (2) “gefährdete” Eltern, (3) kontrollierte, in peer-reviewten Journals veröffentlichte Studien und (4) die Verwendung eines Maßes für bindungsbezogene Elternoutcomes. Elf in Frage kommende Studien wurden eingeschlossen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass ABC einen signifikanten kleinen bis mittleren Effekt auf eine Vielzahl von bindungsbezogenen Outcomes bei Eltern mit mehreren psychosozialen Risikofaktoren hatte. “Sensibilität” wurde am häufigsten gemessen, mit kleinen bis mittleren Haupteffekten bei der Follow-up Untersuchung im Vergleich zu Kontrollen. Implikationen für die klinische Wirksamkeit von ABC in Gemeinde-Settings werden diskutiert. Zukünftige Forschung sollte klären, für wen ABC am wirksamsten ist und wie das Programm im Vergleich zu ähnlichen Interventionen wirkt.
「愛着と生物行動学的キャッチアップ」プログラムが愛着に関連する親の行動に与える影響-系統的レビュー 「愛着と生物行動学的キャッチアップ」 (ABC) は、愛着理論に基づいた10セッションの家庭訪問プログラムである。養育者の愛着関連行動を変えることで、子どもの情動調整、愛着、行動の発達を改善することを目的としている。ABCが子どもの発達にプラスの効果をもたらすことについての証拠は増えつつあるが、親の成果に対する介入の直接的な効果はまだ不明である。このレビューでは、ABCと愛着に関連する親の成果との関連性を検討した。PubMed, EMBASE, PyschINFO, SCOPUSの各データベースで, 2021年8月に関連研究を検索し, 2022年4月に再度検索を行った。関連研究の適性基準は、 (1) ABC介入時に0～27ヶ月の乳児、 (2) 「リスクのある」親、 (3) 査読済み学会誌に掲載された対照試験、 (4) 愛着に関する親の成果の指標を利用したものであった。適性のある研究が11含まれた。その結果、ABCは、複数の心理社会的リスク因子を持つ親の愛着に関する様々な親の成果に、小から中程度の有意な効果持つことが示された。「感受性」は最も頻繁な測定がなされ、コントロール群と比較して、フォローアップ時に小から中程度の主効果の大きさが記録された。地域社会におけるABCの臨床的有効性への示唆が議論されている。今後は、ABCが最も効果的な対象や類似する介入との比較してどうなのかを研究する必要がある。.
“依恋和生物行为追赶” (ABC) 是一个以依恋理论为基础的10期家访计划。它旨在通过改变看护者的依恋相关行为, 来改善儿童情绪调节、依恋和行为结果。有越来越多的证据表明ABC在产生积极的儿童发育结果方面的有效性, 但干预措施对父母成长结果的直接影响仍不清楚。本综述研究了ABC与依恋相关的父母成长结果之间的关系。2021年8月和2022年4月, 在PubMed、EMBASE、PyschINFO和SCOPUS数据库中检索了相关研究。纳入研究的合格标准为: (1) ABC干预时婴儿年龄为0-27个月; (2) “有风险”的父母;(3) 发表在同行评议期刊上的对照试验;(4) 使用了与依恋相关的父母成长结果的测量。11项符合条件的研究被纳入综述。研究结果表明, 在具有多种社会心理风险因素的父母中, ABC对各种与依恋相关的父母成长结果具有显著的小到中等影响。与对照组相比, “敏感性”测量频率最高, 随访时记录的主要影响大小为小到中等。本文讨论了ABC在社区环境中的临床有效性。未来的研究应该阐明ABC对谁最有效, 以及它与类似干预措施的比较情况。.
“التعلق واللحاق البيولوجي السلوكي” (ABC) عبارة عن برنامج زيارة منزلية مدته 10 جلسات ، يرتكز على نظرية التعلق. ويهدف إلى تحسين تنظيم عاطفة الطفل والتعلق والنتائج السلوكية من خلال تغيير السلوكيات المرتبطة بالتعلق لمقدمي الرعاية. هناك أدلة متزايدة فيما يتعلق بفاعلية ABC في تحقيق نتائج إيجابية للأطفال ، ولكن التأثير المباشر للتدخل على نتائج الوالدين لا يزال غير واضح. تناولت هذه المراجعة المنهجية ارتباط برنامج ABC بالنتائج الوالدية المرتبطة بالتعلق حيث تم البحث في قواعد بيانات PubMed و EMBASE و PyschINFO و SCOPUS عن الدراسات ذات الصلة في أغسطس 2021 ، ومرة أخرى في أبريل 2022. كانت معايير تضمين الدراسات كالتالي (1) الرضع الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 0-27 شهرًا في وقت تدخل ABC ، (2) الآباء والأمهات “المعرضين للمخاطرة” ، (3) التجارب ذات الشواهد المنشورة في مجلات معتمدة و (4) استخدام مقياس لنتائج الوالدين المرتبطة بالتعلق. اشتملت مجموعة الدراسات على إحدى عشرة دراسة مؤهلة. أظهرت النتائج أن ABC كان له تأثير إحصائي صغير إلى متوسط على مجموعة متنوعة من النتائج المرتبطة بالوالدين بين الآباء الذين يعانون من عوامل خطر نفسية اجتماعية متعددة. تم قياس “الحساسية” بشكل متكرر ، مع تسجيل أحجام تأثير رئيسي صغير إلى متوسط عند المتابعة ، مقارنةً بالمجموعة الضابطة. تمت مناقشة تطبيقات النتائج على الفعالية الاكلينيكية لـ ABC في السياقات المجتمعية. يجب أن يوضح البحث المستقبلي من هم الفئات الأكثر استفادة من برنامج (ABC) وكيف يمكن مقارنته بالتدخلات المماثلة.

The existence of continually increasing concentrations of antibiotics in the environment is a serious potential hazard due to their toxicity and persistence. Unfortunately, conventional treatment techniques, such as those utilized in wastewater treatment plants, are not efficient for the treatment of wastewater containing antibiotic. Recently, algae-based technologies have been found to be a sustainable and promising technique for antibiotic removal. Therefore, this review aims to provide a critical summary of algae-based technologies and their important role in antibiotic wastewater treatment. Algal removal mechanisms including bioadsorption, bioaccumulation, and biodegradation are discussed in detail, with using algae-bacteria consortia for antibiotic treatment, integration of algae with other microorganisms (fungi and multiple algal species), hybrid algae-based treatment and constructed wetlands, and the factors affecting algal antibiotic degradation comprehensively described and assessed. In addition, the use of algae as a precursor for the production of biochar is highlighted, along with the modification of biochar with other materials to improve its antibiotic removal capacity and hybrid algae-based treatment with advanced oxidation processes. Furthermore, recent novel approaches for enhancing antibiotic removal, such as the use of genetic engineering to enhance the antibiotic degradation capacity of algae and the integration of algal antibiotic removal with bioelectrochemical systems are discussed. Finally, some based on the critical review, key future research perspectives are proposed. Overall, this review systematically presents the current progress in algae-mediated antibiotic removal technologies, providing some novel insights for improved alleviation of antibiotic pollution in aquatic environments.

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (DLBCL, NOS) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification defined DLBCL, NOS and its subtypes based on clinical findings, morphology, immunophenotype, and genetics. However, even within the WHO subtypes, it is clear that additional clinical and genetic heterogeneity exists. Significant efforts have been focused on utilizing advanced genomic technologies to further subclassify DLBCL, NOS into clinically relevant subtypes. These efforts have led to the implementation of novel algorithms to support optimal risk-oriented therapy and improvement in the overall survival of DLBCL patients. We gathered an international group of experts to review the current literature on DLBCL, NOS, with respect to genomic aberrations and the role they may play in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic decisions. We comprehensively surveyed clinical laboratory directors/professionals about their genetic testing practices for DLBCL, NOS. The survey results indicated that a variety of diagnostic approaches were being utilized and that there was an overwhelming interest in further standardization of routine genetic testing along with the incorporation of new genetic testing modalities to help guide a precision medicine approach. Additionally, we present a comprehensive literature summary on the most clinically relevant genomic aberrations in DLBCL, NOS. Based upon the survey results and literature review, we propose a standardized, tiered testing approach which will help laboratories optimize genomic testing in order to provide the maximum information to guide patient care.

UNASSIGNED: Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) are expansile, lytic, and benign but locally aggressive lesions. Pelvic ABCs are rare and sometimes difficult to manage surgically.
UNASSIGNED: A 17-year-old female presented with progressive pain and swelling in the right inguinal region. Pelvis radiograph showed a lytic expansile lesion of the superior pubic ramus. A multiloculated cystic lesion was evident on magnetic resonance imaging, and postoperative histopathological evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of ABC. The patient was treated successfully with an intralesional curettage and bone grafting. The postoperative course was uncomplicated with complete healing and no recurrence after 14 months of follow-up.
UNASSIGNED: ABC of the pubic ramus is a rare entity. Complete intralesional curettage and bone ‎grafting ‎is an effective treatment for pubic ABC. An individualized management approach ‎considering ‎the surgical team expertise, tumor size, and proximity to neighboring structures ‎is recommended.‎.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of mortality among the various types of gynecological cancer, and >75% of the cases are diagnosed at a late stage. Although platinum‑based chemotherapy is able to help the majority of patients to achieve remission, the disease frequently recurs and acquires chemoresistance, resulting in high mortality rates. The complexity of OC therapy is not solely governed by the intrinsic characteristics of the OC cells (OCCs) themselves, but is also largely dependent on the dynamic communication between OCCs and various components of their surrounding microenvironment. The present review attempts to describe the mutual interplay between OCCs and their surrounding microenvironment. Tumor‑associated macrophages (TAMs) and cancer‑associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant stromal cell types in OC. Soluble factors derived from CAFs steadily nourish both the OCCs and TAMs, facilitating their proliferation and immune evasion. ATP binding cassette transporters facilitate the extrusion of cytotoxic molecules, eventually promoting cell survival and multidrug resistance. Extracellular vesicles fulfill their role as genetic exchange vectors, transferring cargo from the donor cells to the recipient cells and propagating oncogenic signaling. A greater understanding of the vital roles of the tumor microenvironment will allow researchers to be open to the prospect of developing therapeutic approaches for combating OC chemoresistance.

The significant increase in the number of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms observed in recent years is a public health problem worldwide. One of the molecular mechanisms for the formation of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria is the presence of efflux pumps. The review presents an analysis of experimental studies related to the study of efflux pumps in clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one of the representatives of hospital pathogens of the ESKAPE group. This review is intended for specialists developing new types of drugs against antibiotic-resistant strains, as well as researchers studying the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, heavy metals, biocides and other antimicrobial factors.

Advanced biliary tract carcinoma (ABC) tends to have a poor prognosis, with trials done having limited data from oncologists\' perspectives. Squamous cell variant of gallbladder cancer (GBC) is one of the rarest forms of cancer known in the literature, with a very aggressive course and dismal prospects. Herein, we present a case of a 67-year-old man who got diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma, which initially masqueraded as liver abscess and was associated with severe hypercalcemia, pyrexia, jaundice, and submassive pulmonary embolism.

BACKGROUND: Recent randomized controlled trials indicated that aripiprazole was the effective treatment for children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
OBJECTIVE: This study systematically reviewed the efficacy, acceptability and tolerability of aripiprazole in treatment of ASD children and adolescents.
METHODS: Electronic search of databases including, Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register was performed in July 2017.
METHODS: The full-text versions of included trials were meticulously evaluated and extracted. The main efficacious outcomes consisted of pooled mean change scores of the standardized rating scales for ASD and the pooled response rate.
RESULTS: A total of 408 randomized patients from eligible trials were included for synthesizing in this meta-analysis. The pooled mean change scores in aripiprazole-treated group for the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC)-Irritability, ABC-Hyperactivity/noncompliance, ABC-Inappropriate speech and ABC-Stereotypic behavior were significantly greater than those of the placebo-treated group. Unfortunately, the significant difference between two groups was not found for ABC-Lethargy/social withdrawal. The overall pooled response rate of the aripiprazole-treated group was significantly higher than that of the placebo-treated group. The pooled overall discontinuation rate in aripiprazole-treated group was significantly better than that of placebo-treated group. The pooled discontinuation rates due to adverse events in aripiprazole-treated group significantly differed from the placebo-treated group (RR [95% CI] of 1.43 [0.65, 3.18], I 2=0%).
CONCLUSIONS: A small number of studies were gathered in this review.
CONCLUSIONS: Aripiprazole has efficacy in the treatment of behavioral disturbances, including irritability, hyperactivity/noncompliance, inappropriate speech and stereotypic behavior found in ASD children and adolescents; however, it could not improve the lethargy/social withdrawal in such patients. The present evidence also indicates that it is safe, acceptable and tolerable in such treatment. As a small sample size, further well-defined and large sample size studies should be conducted to warrant those findings.