Abstract：
Significant volumes of agricultural and industrial waste are produced annually. With the global focus shifting towards sustainable and environmentally friendly practices, there is growing emphasis on recycling and utilizing materials derived from such waste, such as cellulose and lignin. In response to this imperative situation, nanocellulose materials have surfaced attracting heightened attention and research interest owing to their superior properties in terms of strength, stiffness, biodegradability, and water resistance. The current manuscript provided a comprehensive review encompassing the resources of nanocellulose, detailed pretreatment and extraction methods, and present applications of nanocellulose. More importantly, it highlighted the challenges related to its processing and utilization, along with potential solutions. After evaluating the benefits and drawbacks of different methods for producing nanocellulose, ultrasound combined with acid hydrolysis emerges as the most promising approach for large-scale production. While nanocellulose has established applications in water treatment, its potential within the food industry appears even more encouraging. Despite the numerous potential applications across various sectors, challenges persist regarding its modification, characterization, industrial-scale manufacturing, and regulatory policies. Overcoming these obstacles requires the development of new technologies and assessment tools aligned with policy. In essence, nanocellulose presents itself as an eco-friendly material with extensive application possibilities, prompting the need for additional research into its extraction, application suitability, and performance enhancement. This review focused on the wide application scenarios of nanocellulose, the challenges of nanocellulose application, and the possible solutions.
摘要：
每年产生大量的农业和工业废物。随着全球重点转向可持续和环境友好的做法，越来越重视回收和利用这些废物产生的材料，如纤维素和木质素。为了应对这种紧迫的情况，纳米纤维素材料由于其在强度方面的优异性能而引起了人们的高度关注和研究兴趣，刚度,生物降解性，和防水性。目前的手稿提供了一个全面的审查，包括纳米纤维素的资源，详细的预处理和提取方法，以及纳米纤维素的应用现状。更重要的是,它强调了与加工和利用有关的挑战，以及潜在的解决方案。在评估了生产纳米纤维素的不同方法的利弊之后，超声波与酸水解结合成为大规模生产最有前途的方法。虽然纳米纤维素已经在水处理中建立了应用，它在食品工业中的潜力似乎更加令人鼓舞。尽管在各个领域有许多潜在的应用，关于它的修改仍然存在挑战，表征，工业规模制造，和监管政策。克服这些障碍需要开发与政策相一致的新技术和评估工具。实质上,纳米纤维素是一种具有广泛应用可能性的环保材料，促使需要对其提取进行额外的研究，应用适用性，和性能增强。本文综述了纳米纤维素的广泛应用场景,纳米纤维素应用的挑战，以及可能的解决方案。
