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Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: In bronchiectasis, nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) lung disease (NTM-LD) is a well-known coexisting infection. However, microorganism coisolates and clinical NTM-LD predictors are poorly studied.
UNASSIGNED: Patients with bronchiectasis diagnosed by means of computed tomography between January 2017 and June 2020 were screened, using the date of computed tomography as the index date. Those with a major bronchiectasis diagnosis in ≥2 follow-up visits after the index date were enrolled in the study, and NTM-LD occurrence and its association with pneumonia and hospitalization within 1 year were analyzed.
UNASSIGNED: Of the 2717 participants, 79 (2.9%) had NTM-LD diagnosed. The factors associated with NTM-LD included hemoptysis, postinfectious bronchiectasis, a tree-in-bud score ≥2, a modified Reiff score ≥4, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (adjusted odds ratios, 1.80, 2.36, 1.78, 2.95, and 0.51, respectively). Compared with patients in the non-NTM group, those with NTM-LD had higher rates of hospitalization (15.9% vs 32.9%; P < .001) and pneumonia (9.8% vs 20.3%; P = .003). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common microorganism in those with NTM-LD and those in the non-NTM group (10.1% vs 7.8%; P = .40). However, compared with those in the non-NTM group, Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli were more prevalent in patients with NTM-LD (0.7% vs 3.8% [P = .03%] and 1.0% vs 3.8% [P = .05], respectively).
UNASSIGNED: Postinfectious bronchiectasis with hemoptysis, higher radiological involvement, and a tree-in-bud pattern were associated with NTM-LD risk. The rate of A baumannii and E coli coisolation was higher in bronchiectasis populations with NTM-LD.
UNASSIGNED: Patients with bronchiectasis diagnosed by means of computed tomography between January 2017 and June 2020 were screened, using the date of computed tomography as the index date. Those with a major bronchiectasis diagnosis in ≥2 follow-up visits after the index date were enrolled in the study, and NTM-LD occurrence and its association with pneumonia and hospitalization within 1 year were analyzed.
UNASSIGNED: Of the 2717 participants, 79 (2.9%) had NTM-LD diagnosed. The factors associated with NTM-LD included hemoptysis, postinfectious bronchiectasis, a tree-in-bud score ≥2, a modified Reiff score ≥4, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (adjusted odds ratios, 1.80, 2.36, 1.78, 2.95, and 0.51, respectively). Compared with patients in the non-NTM group, those with NTM-LD had higher rates of hospitalization (15.9% vs 32.9%; P < .001) and pneumonia (9.8% vs 20.3%; P = .003). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common microorganism in those with NTM-LD and those in the non-NTM group (10.1% vs 7.8%; P = .40). However, compared with those in the non-NTM group, Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli were more prevalent in patients with NTM-LD (0.7% vs 3.8% [P = .03%] and 1.0% vs 3.8% [P = .05], respectively).
UNASSIGNED: Postinfectious bronchiectasis with hemoptysis, higher radiological involvement, and a tree-in-bud pattern were associated with NTM-LD risk. The rate of A baumannii and E coli coisolation was higher in bronchiectasis populations with NTM-LD.
摘要：
■在支气管扩张中，非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）肺病（NTM-LD）是一种众所周知的共存感染。然而,微生物共分离株和临床NTM-LD预测因子研究甚少。
■在2017年1月至2020年6月期间通过计算机断层扫描诊断的支气管扩张患者进行了筛查，使用计算机断层扫描的日期作为索引日期。在指标日期后≥2次随访中诊断为主要支气管扩张的患者被纳入研究。分析NTM-LD发生情况及其与1年内肺炎和住院的关系。
■在2717名参与者中，79例（2.9%）诊断为NTM-LD。与NTM-LD相关的因素包括咯血，感染后支气管扩张，树芽评分≥2，改良的Reiff评分≥4和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(调整后的比值比，分别为1.80、2.36、1.78、2.95和0.51）。与非NTM组患者相比，NTM-LD患者住院率较高(15.9%vs32.9%;P<.001),肺炎发生率较高(9.8%vs20.3%;P=.003).铜绿假单胞菌是NTM-LD组和非NTM组中最常见的微生物（10.1％vs7.8％；P=0.40）。然而,与非NTM组相比，鲍曼不动杆菌和大肠埃希菌在NTM-LD患者中更为普遍（0.7%vs3.8%[P=0.03%]和1.0%vs3.8%[P=0.05]，分别)。
■感染后支气管扩张伴咯血，较高的放射学参与，树芽模式与NTM-LD风险相关。在使用NTM-LD的支气管扩张人群中，鲍曼不动杆菌和大肠杆菌共分离率较高。
■在2017年1月至2020年6月期间通过计算机断层扫描诊断的支气管扩张患者进行了筛查，使用计算机断层扫描的日期作为索引日期。在指标日期后≥2次随访中诊断为主要支气管扩张的患者被纳入研究。分析NTM-LD发生情况及其与1年内肺炎和住院的关系。
■在2717名参与者中，79例（2.9%）诊断为NTM-LD。与NTM-LD相关的因素包括咯血，感染后支气管扩张，树芽评分≥2，改良的Reiff评分≥4和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(调整后的比值比，分别为1.80、2.36、1.78、2.95和0.51）。与非NTM组患者相比，NTM-LD患者住院率较高(15.9%vs32.9%;P<.001),肺炎发生率较高(9.8%vs20.3%;P=.003).铜绿假单胞菌是NTM-LD组和非NTM组中最常见的微生物（10.1％vs7.8％；P=0.40）。然而,与非NTM组相比，鲍曼不动杆菌和大肠埃希菌在NTM-LD患者中更为普遍（0.7%vs3.8%[P=0.03%]和1.0%vs3.8%[P=0.05]，分别)。
■感染后支气管扩张伴咯血，较高的放射学参与，树芽模式与NTM-LD风险相关。在使用NTM-LD的支气管扩张人群中，鲍曼不动杆菌和大肠杆菌共分离率较高。
