PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Spiders produce nature\'s toughest fiber using renewable components at ambient temperatures and with water as solvent, making it highly interesting to replicate for the materials industry. Despite this, much remains to be understood about the bioprocessing and composition of spider silk fibers. Here, we identify 18 proteins that make up the spiders\' strongest silk type, the major ampullate fiber. Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics revealed that the secretory epithelium of the gland harbors six cell types. These cell types are confined to three distinct glandular zones that produce specific combinations of silk proteins. Image analysis of histological sections showed that the secretions from the three zones do not mix, and proteomics analysis revealed that these secretions form layers in the final fiber. Using a multi-omics approach, we provide substantial advancements in the understanding of the structure and function of the major ampullate silk gland as well as of the architecture and composition of the fiber it produces.
摘要：
蜘蛛在环境温度下使用可再生成分并以水为溶剂生产自然界最坚韧的纤维，为材料行业复制非常有趣。尽管如此,关于蜘蛛丝纤维的生物加工和组成还有很多有待理解。这里,我们鉴定出18种蛋白质构成蜘蛛\'最强的丝型,主要的壶腹纤维。单细胞RNA测序和空间转录组学显示，腺体的分泌上皮包含六种细胞类型。这些细胞类型局限于产生丝蛋白特定组合的三个不同腺区。组织学切片的图像分析显示，来自三个区域的分泌物不混合，和蛋白质组学分析显示，这些分泌物在最终纤维中形成层。使用多组学方法，我们提供了实质性的进步，在结构的理解和功能的主要壶腹丝腺，以及结构和组成的纤维，它产生。
