Abstract：
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) carried by gut pathogens may pose a threat to the host and ecological environment. However, few studies focus on the effects of cold stress on intestinal bacteria and ARGs in plateau animals. Here, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gene chip technique to explore the difference of gut microbes and ARGs in plateau pika under 4 °C and 25 °C. The results showed that tetracycline and aminoglycoside resistance genes were the dominant ARGs in pika intestine. Seven kinds of high-risk ARGs (aadA-01, aadA-02, ermB, floR, mphA-01, mphA-02, tetM-02) existed in pika\'s intestine, and cold had no significant effect on the composition and structure of pika\'s intestinal ARGs. The dominant phyla in pika intestine were Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Cold influenced 0.47 % of pika intestinal bacteria in OTU level, while most other bacteria had no significant change. The diversity and community assembly of intestinal bacteria in pika remained relatively stable under cold conditions, while low temperature decreased gut microbial network complexity. In addition, low temperature led to the enrichment of glycine biosynthesis and metabolism-related pathways. Moreover, the correlation analysis showed that eight opportunistic pathogens (such as Clostridium, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, etc.) detected in pika intestine might be potential hosts of ARGs.
摘要：
肠道病原菌携带的抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)可能对宿主和生态环境造成威胁。然而,很少有研究关注冷应激对高原动物肠道细菌和ARGs的影响。这里,我们利用16SrRNA基因测序和基因芯片技术，探讨了4℃和25℃下高原鼠兔肠道微生物和ARGs的差异。结果表明，四环素和氨基糖苷类耐药基因是鼠兔肠道的显性ARGs。七种高危ARGs(aadA-01、aadA-02、ermB、floR,mphA-01、mphA-02、tetM-02)存在于鼠兔的肠道中，和寒冷对鼠兔肠道ARGs的组成和结构没有显著影响。鼠兔肠道中的优势门是拟杆菌和厚壁菌。在OTU水平下，寒冷影响了0.47%的鼠兔肠道细菌，而大多数其他细菌没有明显变化。在寒冷条件下，鼠兔肠道细菌的多样性和群落组装保持相对稳定，而低温降低了肠道微生物网络的复杂性。此外,低温导致甘氨酸生物合成和代谢相关途径的富集。此外，相关性分析表明，8种机会致病菌(如梭菌，葡萄球菌,链球菌,等。)在鼠兔肠道中检测到可能是ARGs的潜在宿主。
