Abstract：
Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) are distinguished by whether anxiety is limited to social situations. However, reports on the differences in brain functional networks between GAD and SAD are few. Our objective is to understand the pathogenesis of GAD and SAD by examining the differences in resting brain function between patients with GAD and SAD and healthy controls (HCs). Methods: This study included 21 patients with SAD, 17 patients with GAD, and 30 HCs. Participants underwent psychological assessments and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Whole-brain analyses were performed to compare resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) among the groups. In addition, logistic regression analysis was conducted on the rsFC to identify significant differences between GAD and SAD. Results: Patients with SAD and GAD had significantly higher rsFC between the bilateral postcentral gyri and bilateral amygdalae/thalami than HCs. Compared with patients with SAD, those with GAD had significantly higher rsFC between the right nucleus accumbens and bilateral thalami and between the left nucleus accumbens and right thalamus. rsFC between the left nucleus accumbens and right thalamus positively correlated with state anxiety in patients with SAD and GAD, respectively. In addition, logistic regression analysis revealed that the right nucleus accumbens and the right thalamus connectivity could distinguish SAD from GAD. Conclusions: GAD and SAD were distinguished by the right nucleus accumbens and the right thalamus connectivity. Our findings offer insights into the disease-specific neural basis of SAD and GAD. Clinical Trial Registration Number: M10545. Impact Statement This study is the first to identify a resting state functional connectivity that distinguishes social anxiety disorder (SAD) from generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and to clarify a common connectivity in both disorders. We found that the connectivity between the right nucleus accumbens and the right thalamus differentiated SAD from GAD. Furthermore, these rsFC differences suggest an underlying basis for fear overgeneralization. Our findings shed light on the pathophysiology of these conditions and could be used as a basis for further studies to improve outcomes for such patients.
摘要：
背景：广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）和社交焦虑障碍（SAD）的区别在于焦虑是否仅限于社交场合。然而,关于GAD和SAD之间脑功能网络差异的报道很少。我们的目的是通过检查GAD和SAD患者与健康对照（HCs）之间静息脑功能的差异来了解GAD和SAD的发病机理。
方法：本研究纳入21例SAD患者，17例GAD患者，和30个HC。参与者接受了心理评估和静息状态功能磁共振成像（rsfMRI）。进行全脑分析以比较各组之间的静息状态功能连接(rsFC)。此外,对rsFC进行logistic回归分析，以确定GAD和SAD之间的显着差异。
结果：SAD和GAD患者双侧中央后回和双侧杏仁核/丘脑之间的rsFC明显高于HC。与SAD患者相比，GAD患者右伏隔核和双侧丘脑之间以及左伏隔核和右丘脑之间的rsFC明显较高。在SAD和GAD患者中，左伏核和右丘脑之间的RsFC与状态焦虑呈正相关。分别。此外,Logistic回归分析显示，右伏核和右丘脑连通性可以区分SAD和GAD。
结论：GAD和SAD的区别在于右伏核和右丘脑的连通性。我们的发现为SAD和GAD的疾病特异性神经基础提供了见解。
方法：本研究纳入21例SAD患者，17例GAD患者，和30个HC。参与者接受了心理评估和静息状态功能磁共振成像（rsfMRI）。进行全脑分析以比较各组之间的静息状态功能连接(rsFC)。此外,对rsFC进行logistic回归分析，以确定GAD和SAD之间的显着差异。
结果：SAD和GAD患者双侧中央后回和双侧杏仁核/丘脑之间的rsFC明显高于HC。与SAD患者相比，GAD患者右伏隔核和双侧丘脑之间以及左伏隔核和右丘脑之间的rsFC明显较高。在SAD和GAD患者中，左伏核和右丘脑之间的RsFC与状态焦虑呈正相关。分别。此外,Logistic回归分析显示，右伏核和右丘脑连通性可以区分SAD和GAD。
结论：GAD和SAD的区别在于右伏核和右丘脑的连通性。我们的发现为SAD和GAD的疾病特异性神经基础提供了见解。
