Abstract：
The study aimed to investigate the potential of hesperetin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (HSPCNPs) in alleviating hyperglycemia by modulating key enzymes in diabetic rats. Chitosan nanoparticles loaded with hesperetin were prepared using the ionic gelation method and characterized with Electron microscope (SEM), zeta potential, particle size analysis, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Encapsulation efficiency and Loading efficiency. To induce diabetes, rats were fed a high-fat beef tallow diet for 28 days, then given a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) at 35 mg/kg b.w in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.0). Rats were treated with HSPCNPs at doses of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg b.w. The analyzed parameters included body weight, food and water intake, plasma glucose and insulin, liver and skeletal muscle glycogen levels, and carbohydrate metabolism. SEM imaging revealed dimensions between 124.2 and 251.6 nm and a mean particle size of 145.0 nm. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups in the chitosan nanoparticles, and the zeta potential was 35.5 mV. HSPCNP 40 mg/kg b.w significantly (p < 0.05) reduced blood glucose levels and glycosylated hemoglobin, improving body weight, food intake, and reducing water intake. In diabetic rats, enzymes for carbohydrate metabolism like fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and glucose 6-phosphatase are evaluated in the liver, while glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase and hexokinase activity were significantly lower. Additionally, plasma insulin levels increased, indicating enhanced insulin sensitivity. The results show that HSPCNPs at 40 mg/kg b.w. ameliorate hyperglycemia to provide robust protection against diabetic complications and significantly improve metabolic health.
摘要：
本研究旨在探讨负载橙皮素的壳聚糖纳米粒(HSPCNPs)通过调节糖尿病大鼠的关键酶来缓解高血糖的潜力。采用离子凝胶法制备了负载橙皮素的壳聚糖纳米粒,并用电子显微镜(SEM)对其进行了表征,zeta电位,粒度分析,傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR),能量色散光谱(EDS)和封装效率和装载效率。诱发糖尿病，给大鼠喂食高脂肪牛脂饮食28天，然后在0.1M柠檬酸盐缓冲液(pH4.0)中以35mg/kgb.w给予单剂量的链脲佐菌素(STZ)。用10、20和40mg/kgb.w.剂量的HSPCNP治疗大鼠。分析的参数包括体重，食物和水的摄入，血浆葡萄糖和胰岛素，肝脏和骨骼肌糖原水平，和碳水化合物代谢。SEM成像显示在124.2和251.6nm之间的尺寸和145.0nm的平均粒度。FT-IR分析证实壳聚糖纳米颗粒中存在官能团,zeta电位为35.5mV。HSPCNP40mg/kgb.w显着（p<0.05）降低血糖水平和糖化血红蛋白，改善体重，食物摄入量,减少水的摄入。在糖尿病大鼠中，碳水化合物代谢的酶，如果糖1,6-双磷酸酶，磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶，在肝脏中评估葡萄糖6-磷酸酶，葡萄糖6磷酸脱氢酶和己糖激酶活性明显降低。此外,血浆胰岛素水平升高,表明胰岛素敏感性增强。结果显示,40mg/kgb.w.的HSPCNP改善高血糖,以提供针对糖尿病并发症的强有力的保护并显著改善代谢健康。
