PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The risk of Legionella transmission in built environments remains a significant concern. Legionella can spread within buildings through aerosol transmission, prompting the exploration of airborne transmission pathways and proposing corresponding prevention and control measures based on building characteristics. To this end, a comprehensive literature review on the transmission risk of Legionella in built environments was performed. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and CNKI) were searched from inception to March 2024 for publications reporting the risk of Legionella transmission in built environments. Relevant articles and gray literature reports were hand-searched, and 96 studies were finally included. Legionella pollution comes from various sources, mainly originates in a variety of built environments in which human beings remain for extended periods. The sources, outbreaks, national standards, regulations, and monitoring techniques for Legionella in buildings are reviewed, in addition to increases in Legionella transmission risk due to poor maintenance of water systems and long-distance transmission events caused by aerosol characteristics. Air and water sampling using various analytical methods helps identify Legionella in the environment, recognize sources in the built environments, and control outbreaks. By comparing the standard regulations of national organizations globally, the authors further highlight gaps and deficiencies in Legionella surveillance in China. Such advancements offer essential insights and references for understanding and addressing Legionella transmission risk in the built environment, with the potential to contribute to safeguarding public health and building environment safety.
摘要：
军团菌在建筑环境中传播的风险仍然是一个重大问题。军团菌可以通过气溶胶传播在建筑物内传播，提示探索机载传播途径,并根据建筑特点提出相应的防控措施。为此,对军团菌在建筑环境中的传播风险进行了全面的文献综述。四个电子数据库(PubMed，WebofScience,谷歌学者，和CNKI）从开始到2024年3月，搜索了报告在建筑环境中军团菌传播风险的出版物。相关文章和灰色文献报告进行了手工搜索，最终纳入了96项研究。军团菌污染来自各种来源，主要起源于人类长期停留的各种建筑环境。的来源,爆发,国家标准,法规,并对建筑物中军团菌的监测技术进行了综述，此外，军团菌传播风险的增加是由于水系统维护不善和远距离传播事件引起的气溶胶特性。使用各种分析方法进行空气和水采样有助于识别环境中的军团菌，识别建筑环境中的来源，控制疫情。通过比较全球国家组织的标准法规，作者进一步强调了中国军团菌监测的差距和不足。这些进步为理解和解决建筑环境中的军团菌传播风险提供了重要的见解和参考。有可能为保障公众健康和建筑环境安全做出贡献。
