Abstract：
Thyroid cytology is a rapidly evolving field that has seen significant advances in recent years. Its main goal is to accurately diagnose thyroid nodules, differentiate between benign and malignant lesions, and risk stratify nodules when a definitive diagnosis is not possible. The current landscape of thyroid cytology includes the use of fine-needle aspiration for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules with the use of uniform, tiered reporting systems such as the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology. In recent years, molecular testing has emerged as a reliable preoperative diagnostic tool that stratifies patients into different risk categories (low, intermediate, or high) with varying probabilities of malignancy and helps guide patient treatment.
摘要：
甲状腺细胞学是一个快速发展的领域，近年来取得了重大进展。其主要目标是准确诊断甲状腺结节，区分良性和恶性病变，当无法明确诊断时，对结节进行风险分层。甲状腺细胞学的当前景观包括使用细针抽吸术诊断甲状腺结节，分层报告系统，如贝塞斯达甲状腺细胞病理学报告系统。近年来,分子检测已成为一种可靠的术前诊断工具，可将患者分为不同的风险类别(低，中间,或高）具有不同的恶性肿瘤概率，并有助于指导患者治疗。
