Abstract：
It has long been known that sensitivity to cold-induced damage can vary greatly between different cell types, with lethal temperatures reportedly ranging from -2 °C for canine osteocytes, to -70 °C for mammary adenocarcinomas. This suggests that, for certain applications, \"therapeutic windows\" may exist wherein the cryosurgery temperature could be controlled to specifically target more cold-sensitive cell types, while sparing less sensitive cells. However, this potential selectivity has not been developed into practical clinical treatments, in part because of a lack of available investigative tools that can provide consistent, reproducible cooling within the desired temperature range. Here we describe an experimental cryosurgery tool that allows user control over the three key cryosurgery parameters - temperature, pressure, and duration. The tool is composed of inexpensive components that are generally accessible in most laboratory settings, and could be a practical investigative tool for developing and optimizing novel topical cryosurgery approaches.
摘要：
人们早就知道，对冷诱导损伤的敏感性在不同细胞类型之间会有很大差异，据报道，犬骨细胞的致死温度范围为-2°C，乳腺腺癌的温度为-70°C。这表明,对于某些应用，可能存在“治疗窗口”，其中可以控制冷冻手术温度以专门针对更冷敏感的细胞类型，同时保留不太敏感的细胞。然而,这种潜在的选择性尚未发展成为实际的临床治疗方法，部分原因是缺乏可以提供一致的调查工具，在所需的温度范围内可重复冷却。在这里，我们描述了一种实验性的冷冻手术工具，它允许用户控制三个关键的冷冻手术参数-温度，压力,和持续时间。该工具由廉价的组件组成，通常在大多数实验室环境中都可以使用，并且可以成为开发和优化新型局部冷冻手术方法的实用研究工具。
