PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Diabetes mellitus, characterized by dysregulated glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, and the formation of advanced glycation end products, poses a significant global health burden. In this study, we explored the potential of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) seeds, known for their abundant phytochemical composition, as a natural remedy for diabetes and its associated damage. High-performance liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis revealed a remarkable phenolic richness in sorghum grains, including gallic acid, quercetin, and the predominant procyanidin B-1, with ecotype-specific variations in flavonoid distribution. Elemental analysis by ICP showed an abundance of macro-elements (Ca, K, Mg), trace elements (Fe, Mn, Si, Zn), and ultra-trace elements (B, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Se, V) essential for human health, supporting its therapeutic and nutritional potential. Additionally, the results demonstrated variable total phenolic contents (188-297 mg GAE/g dE) and total flavonoid contents (66-78 mg QE/g dE), with corresponding differences in antioxidant activities across the five ecotypes. Treatment with sorghum seed extract (SE1) significantly reduced oxidative stress markers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA)by 40% and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by 63%, in diabetic mice, compared to untreated diabetic controls. Moreover, sorghum extracts exhibited a remarkable increase in antioxidant enzyme activities, including a 50% increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and a 60% increase in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, indicating their potential to bolster antioxidant defenses against diabetes-induced oxidative stress. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of sorghum seeds in diabetes management and prevention, paving the way for the development of functional foods with enhanced health benefits.
摘要：
糖尿病,以葡萄糖代谢失调为特征，氧化应激，以及晚期糖基化终产物的形成，造成了巨大的全球卫生负担。在这项研究中,我们探索了高粱（高粱双色）种子的潜力，以其丰富的植物化学成分而闻名，作为糖尿病及其相关损害的自然疗法。高效液相色谱/高分辨率质谱分析显示高粱谷粒中酚类含量显着，包括没食子酸,槲皮素,和主要的原花青素B-1，类黄酮分布具有生态型特异性变化。ICP的元素分析表明大量的宏观元素(Ca，K,Mg),微量元素(Fe，Mn,Si,Zn),和超微量元素(B，Co,Cr,Cu,Mo,Se,V)对人类健康至关重要，支持其治疗和营养潜力。此外,结果显示了可变的总酚含量（188-297mgGAE/gdE）和总黄酮含量（66-78mgQE/gdE），五种生态型的抗氧化活性存在相应差异。用高粱种子提取物（SE1）处理显著降低氧化应激标志物，如丙二醛（MDA）占40%，过氧化氢（H2O2）占63%，在糖尿病小鼠中，与未经治疗的糖尿病对照相比。此外，高粱提取物的抗氧化酶活性显着增加，包括超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性增加50％，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性增加60％，表明它们有可能增强抗氧化防御能力以抵抗糖尿病诱导的氧化应激。这些发现强调了高粱种子在糖尿病管理和预防中的治疗潜力，为开发具有增强健康益处的功能性食品铺平了道路。
