PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Several risk factors contribute to the development of Alzheimer\'s disease (AD), including genetics, metabolic health, cardiovascular history, and diet. It has been observed that women appear to face a higher risk of developing AD. Among the various hypotheses surrounding the gender disparity in AD, one pertains to the potential neuroprotective properties of estrogen. Compared to men, women are believed to be more susceptible to neuropathology due to the significant decline in circulating estrogen levels following menopause. Studies have shown, however, that estrogen replacement therapies in post-menopausal women do not consistently reduce the risk of AD. While menopause and estrogen levels are potential factors in the elevated incidence rates of AD among women, this review highlights the possible roles estrogen has in other pathways that may also contribute to the sex disparity observed in AD such as olfaction, sleep, and glymphatic functionality.
摘要：
几个危险因素有助于阿尔茨海默病（AD）的发展，包括遗传学,代谢健康，心血管病史,和饮食。已经观察到,女性似乎面临发展AD的较高风险。在围绕AD性别差异的各种假设中，其中一项涉及雌激素的潜在神经保护特性。和男人相比,由于绝经后循环雌激素水平显着下降，女性被认为更容易受到神经病理学的影响。研究表明,然而,绝经后妇女的雌激素替代疗法不能持续降低AD的风险.虽然绝经和雌激素水平是女性AD发病率升高的潜在因素，这篇综述强调了雌激素在其他途径中的可能作用，这些途径也可能导致在AD中观察到的性别差异，如嗅觉，睡眠,和淋巴功能。
