PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Primary care plays a central role in most, if not all, health care systems including the care of vulnerable populations such as people who have been incarcerated. Studies linking incarceration records to health care data can improve understanding about health care access following release from prison. This review maps evidence from data-linkage studies about primary care use after prison release.
METHODS: The framework by Arksey and O\'Malley and guidance by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) were used in this review. This scoping review followed methods published in a study protocol. Searches were performed (January 2012-March 2023) in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science Core Collection using key-terms relating to two areas: (i) people who have been incarcerated and (ii) primary care. Using eligibility criteria, two authors independently screened publication titles and abstracts (step 1), and subsequently, screened full text publications (step 2). Discrepancies were resolved with a third author. Two authors independently charted data from included publications. Findings were mapped by methodology, key findings and gaps in research.
RESULTS: The database searches generated 1,050 publications which were screened by title and abstract. Following this, publications were fully screened (n = 63 reviewer 1 and n = 87 reviewer 2), leading to the inclusion of 17 publications. Among the included studies, primary care use after prison release was variable. Early contact with primary care services after prison release (e.g. first month) was positively associated with an increased health service use, but an investigation found that a large proportion of individuals did not access primary care during the first month. The quality of care was found to be largely inadequate (measured continuity of care) for moderate multimorbidity. There were lower levels of colorectal and breast cancer screening among people released from custody. The review identified studies of enhanced primary care programmes for individuals following release from prison, with studies reporting a reduction in reincarceration and criminal justice system costs.
CONCLUSIONS: This review has suggested mixed evidence regarding primary care use after prison release and has highlighted challenges and areas of suboptimal care. Further research has been discussed in relation to the scoping review findings.
METHODS: The framework by Arksey and O\'Malley and guidance by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) were used in this review. This scoping review followed methods published in a study protocol. Searches were performed (January 2012-March 2023) in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science Core Collection using key-terms relating to two areas: (i) people who have been incarcerated and (ii) primary care. Using eligibility criteria, two authors independently screened publication titles and abstracts (step 1), and subsequently, screened full text publications (step 2). Discrepancies were resolved with a third author. Two authors independently charted data from included publications. Findings were mapped by methodology, key findings and gaps in research.
RESULTS: The database searches generated 1,050 publications which were screened by title and abstract. Following this, publications were fully screened (n = 63 reviewer 1 and n = 87 reviewer 2), leading to the inclusion of 17 publications. Among the included studies, primary care use after prison release was variable. Early contact with primary care services after prison release (e.g. first month) was positively associated with an increased health service use, but an investigation found that a large proportion of individuals did not access primary care during the first month. The quality of care was found to be largely inadequate (measured continuity of care) for moderate multimorbidity. There were lower levels of colorectal and breast cancer screening among people released from custody. The review identified studies of enhanced primary care programmes for individuals following release from prison, with studies reporting a reduction in reincarceration and criminal justice system costs.
CONCLUSIONS: This review has suggested mixed evidence regarding primary care use after prison release and has highlighted challenges and areas of suboptimal care. Further research has been discussed in relation to the scoping review findings.
摘要：
背景：初级保健在大多数，如果不是全部,医疗保健系统，包括对弱势群体的护理，如被监禁的人。将监禁记录与医疗保健数据联系起来的研究可以提高对从监狱释放后获得医疗保健的理解。这篇评论绘制了有关监狱释放后初级保健使用的数据链接研究的证据。
方法：本综述使用了Arksey和O\'Malley的框架以及JoannaBriggs研究所（JBI）的指导。这项范围审查遵循了研究方案中发表的方法。在MEDLINE进行了搜索（2012年1月至2023年3月），EMBASE和WebofScience核心收藏使用与两个领域相关的关键术语：（i）被监禁的人和（ii）初级保健。使用资格标准，两位作者独立筛选出版物标题和摘要(步骤1)，随后,筛选全文出版物(步骤2)。与第三作者解决了差异。两位作者独立绘制了所包含出版物的数据。调查结果是按方法论绘制的，研究中的关键发现和差距。
结果：数据库搜索产生了1,050种出版物，这些出版物通过标题和摘要进行了筛选。在此之后,出版物进行了全面筛选(n=63名审稿人1和n=87名审稿人2)，导致纳入17种出版物。在纳入的研究中，监狱释放后初级保健的使用是可变的。监狱释放后(例如第一个月)早期接触初级保健服务与卫生服务使用增加呈正相关,但是一项调查发现，很大一部分人在第一个月没有获得初级保健。对于中度多重性疾病，发现护理质量在很大程度上不足（测量的护理连续性）。在被释放的人中，结直肠癌和乳腺癌筛查水平较低。审查确定了关于从监狱获释后个人加强初级保健方案的研究，研究报告转证和刑事司法系统成本降低。
结论：本综述提出了关于监狱释放后初级保健使用的混合证据，并强调了护理欠佳的挑战和领域。关于范围界定审查结果，已经讨论了进一步的研究。
方法：本综述使用了Arksey和O\'Malley的框架以及JoannaBriggs研究所（JBI）的指导。这项范围审查遵循了研究方案中发表的方法。在MEDLINE进行了搜索（2012年1月至2023年3月），EMBASE和WebofScience核心收藏使用与两个领域相关的关键术语：（i）被监禁的人和（ii）初级保健。使用资格标准，两位作者独立筛选出版物标题和摘要(步骤1)，随后,筛选全文出版物(步骤2)。与第三作者解决了差异。两位作者独立绘制了所包含出版物的数据。调查结果是按方法论绘制的，研究中的关键发现和差距。
结果：数据库搜索产生了1,050种出版物，这些出版物通过标题和摘要进行了筛选。在此之后,出版物进行了全面筛选(n=63名审稿人1和n=87名审稿人2)，导致纳入17种出版物。在纳入的研究中，监狱释放后初级保健的使用是可变的。监狱释放后(例如第一个月)早期接触初级保健服务与卫生服务使用增加呈正相关,但是一项调查发现，很大一部分人在第一个月没有获得初级保健。对于中度多重性疾病，发现护理质量在很大程度上不足（测量的护理连续性）。在被释放的人中，结直肠癌和乳腺癌筛查水平较低。审查确定了关于从监狱获释后个人加强初级保健方案的研究，研究报告转证和刑事司法系统成本降低。
结论：本综述提出了关于监狱释放后初级保健使用的混合证据，并强调了护理欠佳的挑战和领域。关于范围界定审查结果，已经讨论了进一步的研究。
