PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Building collisions are a leading threat to wild birds; however, only those that are found dead or fatally wounded are included in current mortality estimates, with injured or stunned birds largely assumed to survive long-term. Avian building collision victims are often brought to wildlife rehabilitators for care, with the hopes they can be released and resume their natural lives. We examined the wildlife rehabilitation records of over 3,100 building collisions with 152 different avian species collected across multiple seasons to identify patterns of survival and release among patients. The number of admissions varied by season; fall migration had the highest number of cases and winter had the least number of cases, and summer having the lowest release proportion and winter having the highest. The most common reported injury was head trauma and concussion. Our logistic and Poisson models found that mass had a strong positive effect on release probability, and the season of summer had a strong negative effect on release probability. Mass and winter had a strong positive effect on treatment time, and age and the seasons of fall and winter had a strong negative effect on treatment time in these models. Ultimately, about 60% of patients died in care, either by succumbing to their injuries or by euthanasia. Patients that were released remained in care for longer than patients that died. This study reports different data than carcass studies and views bird-building collisions from the perspective of surviving victims to explore longer-term effects of these collisions on mortality. Increased communication and collaboration between wildlife rehabilitators and conservation researchers is recommended to better understand building collisions and how to respond to this leading threat to wild birds. These findings, along with our estimate of delayed mortality, suggest that overall collision mortality estimates based on carcass collection far exceed one billion birds in the U.S. each year.
摘要：
建筑物碰撞是对野生鸟类的主要威胁；然而，只有那些被发现死亡或致命受伤的人才被包括在当前的死亡率估计中，受伤或惊呆的鸟类在很大程度上被认为可以长期生存。禽类建筑碰撞受害者经常被带到野生动物修复人员那里照顾，希望他们能被释放并恢复自然生活。我们检查了在多个季节收集的152种不同鸟类的3,100多次建筑物碰撞的野生动物康复记录，以确定患者的生存和释放模式。入院人数因季节而异;秋季迁徙病例最多,冬季迁徙病例最少,夏季的释放比例最低，冬季的释放比例最高。最常见的报告损伤是头部外伤和脑震荡。我们的逻辑和泊松模型发现质量对释放概率有很强的积极影响，夏季季节对释放概率有很强的负面影响。质量和冬季对治疗时间有很强的积极影响，在这些模型中，年龄和秋季和冬季对治疗时间有很大的负面影响。最终,大约60%的病人在护理中死亡，要么屈服于他们的伤害，要么安乐死。被释放的患者比死亡的患者继续护理的时间更长。这项研究报告了与car体研究不同的数据，并从幸存的受害者的角度看待鸟类建造碰撞，以探索这些碰撞对死亡率的长期影响。建议野生动物修复人员和保护研究人员之间加强沟通和合作，以更好地了解建筑物碰撞以及如何应对这种对野生鸟类的主要威胁。这些发现,加上我们对延迟死亡率的估计，这表明，基于car体收集的整体碰撞死亡率估计在美国每年远远超过10亿只鸟类。
