Abstract：
BACKGROUND: A flatfoot has been believed to be closely associated with the development of hallux valgus; however, the association is still controversial. Abnormal foot kinematics has been identified as a possible risk factor for the development of hallux valgus, but it remains unclear whether foot posture contributes to abnormal foot kinematics. This is the first study to investigate the differences in foot kinematics during gait between individuals with and without hallux valgus, while controlling for foot posture.
METHODS: Twenty-five females with hallux valgus and 25 healthy females aged 18 to 22 were recruited. Foot posture was measured using normalized navicular height truncated and the leg-heel angle. Foot kinematic and kinetic data during gait were recorded by a three-dimensional motion capture system. To investigate the characteristics of foot kinematics in individuals with hallux valgus while controlling for foot posture, we used a propensity score matching method. The matching was obtained by using the 1:1 nearest-neighbor procedure and a caliper width of 0.2.
RESULTS: Twelve pairs were matched. Individuals with hallux valgus had significantly increased midfoot dorsiflexion from 56% to 80% during stance phase, rearfoot eversion from 53% to 71%, and forefoot abduction from 5% to 29% compared with control.
CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with hallux valgus have a flexible foot that cannot suppress the dynamic deformation of the rearfoot and midfoot during gait. To suppress the development of hallux valgus, interventions that aim to prevent dynamic deformations of the rearfoot and midfoot during gait may be necessary, regardless of their static foot posture.
METHODS: Twenty-five females with hallux valgus and 25 healthy females aged 18 to 22 were recruited. Foot posture was measured using normalized navicular height truncated and the leg-heel angle. Foot kinematic and kinetic data during gait were recorded by a three-dimensional motion capture system. To investigate the characteristics of foot kinematics in individuals with hallux valgus while controlling for foot posture, we used a propensity score matching method. The matching was obtained by using the 1:1 nearest-neighbor procedure and a caliper width of 0.2.
RESULTS: Twelve pairs were matched. Individuals with hallux valgus had significantly increased midfoot dorsiflexion from 56% to 80% during stance phase, rearfoot eversion from 53% to 71%, and forefoot abduction from 5% to 29% compared with control.
CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with hallux valgus have a flexible foot that cannot suppress the dynamic deformation of the rearfoot and midfoot during gait. To suppress the development of hallux valgus, interventions that aim to prevent dynamic deformations of the rearfoot and midfoot during gait may be necessary, regardless of their static foot posture.
摘要：
背景：人们认为扁平足与外翻的发展密切相关；然而，该协会仍然存在争议。足部运动学异常已被确定为外翻发展的可能危险因素，但目前尚不清楚足部姿势是否会导致足部运动学异常。这是第一项研究有和没有外翻的个体在步态过程中足运动学的差异，同时控制脚部姿势。
方法：招募了25名患有外翻的女性和25名18至22岁的健康女性。使用归一化的舟骨高度截断和腿跟角测量脚的姿势。步态过程中的足部运动学和动力学数据由三维运动捕获系统记录。为了研究控制足姿势时外翻患者的足运动学特征，我们使用了倾向得分匹配方法。通过使用1:1最近邻程序和0.2的卡尺宽度获得匹配。
结果：匹配12对。在站立阶段，外翻患者的中足背屈从56％显着增加到80％，后脚外翻从53%到71%，与对照组相比，前足外展率从5%提高到29%。
结论：患有外翻的个体具有灵活的脚，无法抑制步态过程中后足和中足的动态变形。为了抑制外翻的发展，可能需要采取旨在防止步态过程中后足和中足动态变形的干预措施，不管他们的静态脚的姿势。
方法：招募了25名患有外翻的女性和25名18至22岁的健康女性。使用归一化的舟骨高度截断和腿跟角测量脚的姿势。步态过程中的足部运动学和动力学数据由三维运动捕获系统记录。为了研究控制足姿势时外翻患者的足运动学特征，我们使用了倾向得分匹配方法。通过使用1:1最近邻程序和0.2的卡尺宽度获得匹配。
结果：匹配12对。在站立阶段，外翻患者的中足背屈从56％显着增加到80％，后脚外翻从53%到71%，与对照组相比，前足外展率从5%提高到29%。
结论：患有外翻的个体具有灵活的脚，无法抑制步态过程中后足和中足的动态变形。为了抑制外翻的发展，可能需要采取旨在防止步态过程中后足和中足动态变形的干预措施，不管他们的静态脚的姿势。
