Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Co-detection of respiratory pathogens with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is poorly understood. This descriptive epidemiological study aimed to determine the effect of the interaction of different respiratory pathogens on clinical variables.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the results of comprehensive multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing from November 2020 to March 2023 to estimate respiratory pathogen co-detection rates in Shinjuku, Tokyo. We evaluated the interactions of respiratory pathogens, particularly SARS-CoV-2, between observed and expected co-detection. We estimated the trend of co-detection with SARS-CoV-2 in terms of age and sex and applied a multiple logistic regression model adjusted for age, testing period, and sex to identify influencing factors between co-detection and single detection for each pathogen.
RESULTS: Among 57,746 patients who underwent multiplex PCR testing, 10,516 (18.2%) had positive for at least one of the 22 pathogens. Additionally, 881 (1.5%) patients were confirmed to have a co-detection. SARS-CoV-2 exhibited negative interactions with adenovirus, coronavirus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhino/enterovirus. SARS-CoV-2 co-detection with other pathogens occurred most frequently in patients of the youngest age group (0-4 years). A multiple logistic regression model indicated that younger age was the most influential factor for SARS-CoV-2 co-detection with other respiratory pathogens.
CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 co-detection with other respiratory pathogens in younger age groups, necessitating further exploration of the clinical implications and severity of SARS-CoV-2 co-detection.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the results of comprehensive multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing from November 2020 to March 2023 to estimate respiratory pathogen co-detection rates in Shinjuku, Tokyo. We evaluated the interactions of respiratory pathogens, particularly SARS-CoV-2, between observed and expected co-detection. We estimated the trend of co-detection with SARS-CoV-2 in terms of age and sex and applied a multiple logistic regression model adjusted for age, testing period, and sex to identify influencing factors between co-detection and single detection for each pathogen.
RESULTS: Among 57,746 patients who underwent multiplex PCR testing, 10,516 (18.2%) had positive for at least one of the 22 pathogens. Additionally, 881 (1.5%) patients were confirmed to have a co-detection. SARS-CoV-2 exhibited negative interactions with adenovirus, coronavirus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhino/enterovirus. SARS-CoV-2 co-detection with other pathogens occurred most frequently in patients of the youngest age group (0-4 years). A multiple logistic regression model indicated that younger age was the most influential factor for SARS-CoV-2 co-detection with other respiratory pathogens.
CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 co-detection with other respiratory pathogens in younger age groups, necessitating further exploration of the clinical implications and severity of SARS-CoV-2 co-detection.
摘要：
背景：呼吸道病原体与严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的共同检测知之甚少。这项描述性流行病学研究旨在确定不同呼吸道病原体的相互作用对临床变量的影响。
方法：我们回顾性回顾了2020年11月至2023年3月的综合多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测结果，以估计新宿的呼吸道病原体共检率，东京。我们评估了呼吸道病原体的相互作用，特别是SARS-CoV-2，在观察到的和预期的共同检测之间。我们估计了SARS-CoV-2在年龄和性别方面的共同检测趋势，并应用了调整年龄的多元逻辑回归模型，测试期,和性别，以确定每种病原体的共检测和单一检测之间的影响因素。
结果：在57,746名接受多重PCR检测的患者中，10,516（18.2％）对22种病原体中的至少一种呈阳性。此外,881例(1.5%)患者被证实有共同检测。SARS-CoV-2表现出与腺病毒的负相互作用，冠状病毒，人类偏肺病毒，副流感病毒,呼吸道合胞病毒，和犀牛/肠道病毒。SARS-CoV-2与其他病原体的共检测最常见于最年轻年龄组（0-4岁）的患者。多元logistic回归模型表明年龄较小是SARS-CoV-2与其他呼吸道病原体共检出的影响因素。
结论：该研究强调了年轻年龄组中SARS-CoV-2与其他呼吸道病原体的共同检测的患病率，需要进一步探索SARS-CoV-2共检测的临床意义和严重程度。
方法：我们回顾性回顾了2020年11月至2023年3月的综合多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测结果，以估计新宿的呼吸道病原体共检率，东京。我们评估了呼吸道病原体的相互作用，特别是SARS-CoV-2，在观察到的和预期的共同检测之间。我们估计了SARS-CoV-2在年龄和性别方面的共同检测趋势，并应用了调整年龄的多元逻辑回归模型，测试期,和性别，以确定每种病原体的共检测和单一检测之间的影响因素。
结果：在57,746名接受多重PCR检测的患者中，10,516（18.2％）对22种病原体中的至少一种呈阳性。此外,881例(1.5%)患者被证实有共同检测。SARS-CoV-2表现出与腺病毒的负相互作用，冠状病毒，人类偏肺病毒，副流感病毒,呼吸道合胞病毒，和犀牛/肠道病毒。SARS-CoV-2与其他病原体的共检测最常见于最年轻年龄组（0-4岁）的患者。多元logistic回归模型表明年龄较小是SARS-CoV-2与其他呼吸道病原体共检出的影响因素。
结论：该研究强调了年轻年龄组中SARS-CoV-2与其他呼吸道病原体的共同检测的患病率，需要进一步探索SARS-CoV-2共检测的临床意义和严重程度。
