Abstract：
Rodents are considered good models for investigating genotoxic damage and mutagenic alterations caused by xenobiotic agents, due to their occupation of a wide variety of habitats. However, relatively few in situ studies have focused on DNA damage in wild rodents associated with environmental exposure. In this review, we investigate trends in the application of the micronucleus test and comet assay in in situ studies of wild rodents. A total of 33 papers were identified, distributed across 14 different countries. Brazil and Spain had the most published studies (six each), followed by Bulgaria (n = 5), Mexico (n = 4) and Italy (n = 3). Only 24 of the 2,652 recognized rodent species have been the subject of in situ studies, which have most frequently focus on species of the genus Mus. The protocols used for the micronucleus test and comet assay varied widely, although blood and bone marrow were the primary types of tissue used. Given the paucity of studies on wild rodents, we recommend further research, particularly focusing on the use of this group as bioindicators of environmental quality and the standardization of protocols.
摘要：
啮齿动物被认为是研究由异种生物剂引起的基因毒性损伤和诱变改变的良好模型。由于他们占据了各种各样的栖息地。然而,相对较少的原位研究集中在与环境暴露相关的野生啮齿动物的DNA损伤上。在这次审查中,我们调查了微核试验和彗星试验在野生啮齿动物原位研究中的应用趋势。共鉴定出33篇论文,分布在14个不同的国家。巴西和西班牙发表的研究最多（各六篇），其次是保加利亚（n=5），墨西哥（n=4）和意大利（n=3）。在2,652种公认的啮齿动物中，只有24种是原位研究的主题，最经常关注的是Mus属的物种。用于微核试验和彗星测定的方案差异很大，尽管血液和骨髓是使用的主要组织类型。鉴于对野生啮齿动物的研究很少，我们建议进一步研究，特别侧重于将这一群体用作环境质量的生物指标和协议的标准化。
