Abstract：
Research has shown that infants represent legitimate leadership and predict continued obedience to authority, but which cues they use to do so remains unknown. Across eight pre-registered experiments varying the cue provided, we tested if Norwegian 21-month-olds (N=128) expected three protagonists to obey a character even in her absence. We assessed whether bowing for the character, receiving a tribute from or conferring a benefit to the protagonists, imposing a cost on them (forcefully taking a resource or hitting them), or relative physical size were used as cues to generate the expectation of continued obedience that marks legitimate leadership. Whereas bowing sufficed in generating such an expectation, we found positive Bayesian evidence that all the other cues did not. Norwegian infants unlikely have witnessed bowing in their everyday life. Hence, bowing/prostration as cue for continued obedience may form part of an early-developing capacity to represent leadership built by evolution.
摘要：
研究表明，婴儿代表合法的领导，并预测继续服从权威，但是他们使用哪种线索仍然未知。在八个预先注册的实验中，所提供的线索各不相同，我们测试了挪威21个月大的孩子（N=128）是否期望三个主角即使在她不在的情况下也服从角色。我们评估了是否为角色鞠躬，接受主角的致敬或给予主角的利益，对他们施加成本(强行获取资源或打击他们)，或相对的身体大小被用作线索，以产生持续服从的期望，这标志着合法的领导。而鞠躬足以产生这样的期望，我们发现了积极的贝叶斯证据，表明所有其他线索都没有。挪威婴儿不太可能在日常生活中目睹鞠躬。因此，鞠躬/虚脱作为持续服从的线索可能是早期发展能力的一部分，以代表进化建立的领导力。
