关键词: Dark Tetrad HEXACO Personality Psychometrics Validity

Mesh : Humans Machiavellianism Antisocial Personality Disorder / psychology Male Female Adult Aggression / psychology Sadism / psychology Impulsive Behavior / physiology Young Adult Personality Adolescent

来  源:   DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-67952-4   PDF(Pubmed)

Abstract:
We investigated the putative redundancy of the Dark Tetrad (specifically, Machiavellianism-psychopathy and sadism-psychopathy) through an examination of the differences between correlations with self-reported narrowband personality traits. In addition to measures of the Dark Tetrad, participants in four studies completed measures of various narrowband traits assessing general personality, aggression, impulsivity, Mimicry Deception Theory, and Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory. Results generally supported empirical distinctions between Machiavellianism and psychopathy, and between sadism and psychopathy. Machiavellianism significantly differed from psychopathy across correlations for nine of 10 traits (Study 1), 8 of 25 facets (Study 2), aggression (Study 3), 12 of 25 facets (Study 3), four of five facets (Study 4), impulsivity (Study 4), and five of six facets (Study 4). Sadism significantly differed from psychopathy across correlations with five of 10 traits (Study 1), eight of 25 facets (Study 2), reactive aggression (Study 3), 10 of 25 facets (Study 3), three of six facets (Study 4), impulsivity (Study 4), and three of six facets (Study 4). Our findings challenge the claims that Machiavellianism and psychopathy, as well as sadism and psychopathy, as currently measured, are redundant.
摘要:
我们调查了黑暗四重奏的假定冗余(具体地说,马基雅维利主义-精神病和虐待狂-精神病)通过检查与自我报告的窄带人格特质的相关性之间的差异。除了暗黑俄罗斯方块的测量,四项研究的参与者完成了评估一般人格的各种窄带特征的测量,侵略,冲动,拟态欺骗理论,和增强灵敏度理论。结果通常支持马基雅维利主义和精神病之间的经验区别,在虐待狂和精神病之间。马基雅维利主义与精神病在10个性状中有9个性状的相关性上显著不同(研究1),25个方面中的8个(研究2),侵略(研究3),25个方面中的12个(研究3),五个方面中的四个(研究4),冲动性(研究4),六个方面中的五个(研究4)。在与10个特征中的5个的相关性上,施虐与精神病显著不同(研究1),25个方面中的8个(研究2),反应性攻击(研究3),25个方面中的10个(研究3),六个方面中的三个(研究4),冲动性(研究4),六个方面中的三个(研究4)。我们的发现挑战了马基雅维利主义和精神病的说法,以及虐待狂和精神病,如目前测量的,是多余的。
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