PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In elite volleyball, the serve takes an offensive form, aiming to directly score a point or significantly hinder the opponent from launching an attack. Which is why the research aimed to compare the type and effectiveness of the serve in the main round of Tauron and PlusLiga in the 2021/2022 season and update the current knowledge on the types of serves by function and gender. The study analysed observation consisted of 314 women\'s and men\'s matches. VolleyStation Pro v 1.29.5; Volleystation z o. o. Poland. Data from the main round matches that took place in the 2021/2022 season in the Polish elite league PlusLiga (182 men\'s matches) and Tauron Liga (132 women\'s matches) were used, and the regular season consisted of 2 rounds. The average percentage effectiveness of the serve in women was higher (E = 22%) than in men (E = 15%). In women, only 3 types were observed (JS, JF and W), as much as 86% of all the serves were JF serves. In men, as many as 5 types (JS, JF, FJS, FJF and W), of which over 67% were dynamic JS serves (jumping serve). The serve element has been modified over the years to obtain better effects conducive to winning. Ranging from increasing the speed of the serve, eliminating the serves from the spot in favor of the jump serves, to the use of serves to hide the correct hit of the ball (\"Fake\"-FFJ, FJS).
摘要：
在精英排球中，发球采取进攻形式，旨在直接得分或明显阻碍对手发动进攻。这就是为什么该研究旨在比较2021/2022赛季中Tauron和PlusLiga的主要回合中发球的类型和有效性，并按功能和性别更新有关发球类型的当前知识。该研究分析了314名男女比赛的观察结果。伏尔站专业v1.29.5；伏尔尼托zo.o.波兰。使用了2021/2022赛季在波兰精英联赛PlusLiga（182场男子比赛）和TauronLiga（132场女子比赛）进行的主要回合比赛的数据，常规赛包括2轮。女性服务的平均效率百分比（E=22％）高于男性（E=15％）。在女性中，只观察到3种类型(JS，JF和W)，多达86%的服务是JF服务。在男人中，多达5种类型(JS，JF,FJS,FJF和W)，其中超过67%是动态JS发球(跳跃发球)。多年来对发球元素进行了修改，以获得有利于获胜的更好效果。从提高发球速度开始，从现场消除发球，转而跳发球，使用发球来隐藏正确的击球(“假”-FFJ，FJS).
