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Abstract：
Dendrobium loddigesii is a precious traditional Chinese medicine with high medicinal and ornamental value. However, the characterization of its mitochondrial genome is still pending. Here, we assembled the complete mitochondrial genome of D. loddigesii and discovered that its genome possessed a complex multi-chromosome structure. The mitogenome of D. loddigesii consisted of 17 circular subgenomes, ranging in size from 16,323 bp to 56,781 bp. The total length of the mitogenome was 513,356 bp, with a GC content of 43.41%. The mitogenome contained 70 genes, comprising 36 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 31 tRNA genes, and 3 rRNA genes. Furthermore, we detected 403 repeat sequences as well as identified 482 RNA-editing sites and 8154 codons across all PCGs. Following the sequence similarity analysis, 27 fragments exhibiting homology to both the mitogenome and chloroplast genome were discovered, accounting for 9.86% mitogenome of D. loddigesii. Synteny analysis revealed numerous sequence rearrangements in D. loddigesii and the mitogenomes of related species. Phylogenetic analysis strongly supported that D. loddigesii and D. Amplum formed a single clade with 100% bootstrap support. The outcomes will significantly augment the orchid mitochondrial genome database, offering profound insights into Dendrobium\'s intricate mitochondrial genome architecture.
摘要：
铁皮石斛是一种珍贵的中药，具有很高的药用和观赏价值。然而,其线粒体基因组的鉴定仍在等待中.这里,我们组装了D.loddigesii完整的线粒体基因组，并发现其基因组具有复杂的多染色体结构。洛迪吉的有丝分裂基因组由17个环状亚基因组组成，大小从16,323bp到56,781bp不等。有丝分裂体的总长度为513,356bp,GC含量为43.41%。有丝分裂基因组包含70个基因，包含36个蛋白质编码基因（PCGs），31个tRNA基因，和3个rRNA基因。此外，我们在所有PCGs中检测到403个重复序列,并鉴定出482个RNA编辑位点和8154个密码子.在序列相似性分析之后，发现了27个与有丝分裂基因组和叶绿体基因组均具有同源性的片段，占洛迪奇有丝分裂基因组的9.86%。基因合成分析揭示了洛迪吉氏杆菌和相关物种的有丝分裂基因组中的许多序列重排。系统发育分析强烈支持D.loddigesii和D.Amplum形成了具有100％引导支持的单个进化枝。结果将显著增加兰花线粒体基因组数据库，为铁皮石斛复杂的线粒体基因组结构提供了深刻的见解。
