Abstract：
Microplastics have been ubiquitous in our environment for decades, and numerous studies have revealed their extensive dispersion, reaching far beyond the surface of the land, soil, aquatic ecosystems. They have infiltrated the food-chain, the food web, even the air we breathe, as well as the water we drink. Microplastics have been detected in the food we consume, acting as vectors for hazardous chemicals that adhere to their hydrophobic surfaces. This can result in the transfer of these chemicals to the aquatic life, posing a threat to their well-being. The release of microplastics into different environmental settings can give rise to various eco-toxicological implications. The substantial body of literature has led scientists to the consensus that microplastic pollution is a global problem with the potential to impact virtually any type of ecosystem. This paper aims to discuss crucial information regarding the occurrence, accumulation, and ecological effects of microplastics on organisms. It also highlights the new and emerging disease named \"Plasticosis\" that is directly linked to microplastics and its toxicological effects like permanent scarring and long-term inflammation in the digestive system of the seabirds. By comprehending the behaviour of these microplastic pollutants in diverse habitats and evaluating their ecological consequences, it becomes possible to facilitate a better understanding of this toxicological issue.
摘要：
几十年来，微塑料在我们的环境中无处不在，大量研究揭示了它们的广泛分散，远远超出地表，土壤,水生生态系统。他们渗透进了食物链,食物网，甚至我们呼吸的空气，还有我们喝的水.在我们食用的食物中发现了微塑料，充当粘附在其疏水表面上的危险化学品的载体。这可能导致这些化学物质转移到水生生物中，对他们的幸福构成威胁。微塑料释放到不同的环境环境中可能会产生各种生态毒理学影响。大量文献使科学家们达成共识，即微塑料污染是一个全球性问题，有可能影响几乎任何类型的生态系统。本文旨在讨论有关发生的关键信息，积累,以及微塑料对生物体的生态影响。它还强调了一种新的和正在出现的疾病，称为“Plasticosis”，它与微塑料及其毒理学效应直接相关，如海鸟消化系统的永久性疤痕和长期炎症。通过了解这些微塑料污染物在不同栖息地的行为并评估其生态后果，有可能促进更好地理解这个毒理学问题。
