Abstract：
Infertility is a global health problem affecting one in six couples, with 50% of cases attributed to male infertility. Spermatozoa are male gametes, specialized cells that can be divided into two parts: the head and the flagellum. The head contains a vesicle called the acrosome that undergoes exocytosis and the flagellum is a motility apparatus that propels the spermatozoa forward and can be divided into two components, axonemes and accessory structures. For spermatozoa to fertilize oocytes, the acrosome and flagellum must be formed correctly. In this Review, we describe comprehensively how functional spermatozoa develop in mammals during spermiogenesis, including the formation of acrosomes, axonemes and accessory structures by focusing on analyses of mouse models.
摘要：
不孕症是一个全球性的健康问题，影响六分之一的夫妇，50%的病例归因于男性不育。精子是雄配子,可以分为两部分的特殊细胞：头部和鞭毛。头部包含一个称为顶体的囊泡，该囊泡经历胞吐作用，鞭毛是推动精子向前的运动装置，可以分为两个部分，轴突和附属结构。为了让精子给卵母细胞受精，顶体和鞭毛必须正确形成。在这篇评论中,我们全面描述了功能性精子在哺乳动物精子发生过程中如何发育，包括顶体的形成，轴突和附属结构，通过重点分析小鼠模型。
