Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Regulatory actions significantly reduced methyldibromo glutaronitrile (MDBGN)-induced allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from cosmetics in Europe. Turkey banned MDBGN in 2015.
OBJECTIVE: To assess sensitization and ACD rates to MDBGN before and after its ban in Turkey.
METHODS: Data from 2653 consecutively patch tested patients between 1996 and 2023 with MDBGN 0.1% pet. (n = 573) or 0.2%-0.3% pet. (n = 1310) or 0.5% pet. (n = 770) were analysed. MDBGN was tested as MDBGN/phenoxyethanol (PE) in 1434 patients.
RESULTS: The sensitization prevalence was 1.7% (45/2653), peaking at 5.3% in 2018 and 2023 with MDBGN 0.3% pet. There was a two-fold male predominance, with patients exclusively ≥20 years old. None of the patients reacted to PE. ACD occurred in 0.7% (19/2653), mainly affecting hands and linked to non-occupational exposure (78.9%), particularly from rinse-off/leave-on cosmetics. The pattern of \'middle-aged men with hand eczema and fragrance allergy\' was particularly notable. Occupational ACD was rare (21.1%), occurring mainly in hairdressers from hair gel. Positive reactions with current clinical relevance dropped from 48.3% (1996-2014) to zero after 2015 (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The ban effectively reduced MDBGN-induced ACD in Turkey, yet the prevalence of positive patch test reactions remains high, likely due to past exposures or other undisclosed sources. We suggest continued testing of MDBGN in the EBS in Turkey.
OBJECTIVE: To assess sensitization and ACD rates to MDBGN before and after its ban in Turkey.
METHODS: Data from 2653 consecutively patch tested patients between 1996 and 2023 with MDBGN 0.1% pet. (n = 573) or 0.2%-0.3% pet. (n = 1310) or 0.5% pet. (n = 770) were analysed. MDBGN was tested as MDBGN/phenoxyethanol (PE) in 1434 patients.
RESULTS: The sensitization prevalence was 1.7% (45/2653), peaking at 5.3% in 2018 and 2023 with MDBGN 0.3% pet. There was a two-fold male predominance, with patients exclusively ≥20 years old. None of the patients reacted to PE. ACD occurred in 0.7% (19/2653), mainly affecting hands and linked to non-occupational exposure (78.9%), particularly from rinse-off/leave-on cosmetics. The pattern of \'middle-aged men with hand eczema and fragrance allergy\' was particularly notable. Occupational ACD was rare (21.1%), occurring mainly in hairdressers from hair gel. Positive reactions with current clinical relevance dropped from 48.3% (1996-2014) to zero after 2015 (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The ban effectively reduced MDBGN-induced ACD in Turkey, yet the prevalence of positive patch test reactions remains high, likely due to past exposures or other undisclosed sources. We suggest continued testing of MDBGN in the EBS in Turkey.
摘要：
背景：在欧洲的化妆品中，调控作用显著降低了甲基二溴戊二腈（MDBGN）诱导的过敏性接触性皮炎（ACD）。土耳其于2015年禁止MDBGN。
目的：评估土耳其禁用MDBGN前后的致敏性和ACD率。
方法：数据来自1996年至2023年期间2653例接受MDBGN0.1%pet连续斑贴测试的患者。(n=573)或0.2%-0.3%宠物。(n=1310)或0.5%pet。（n=770）进行了分析。在1434例患者中，将MDBGN作为MDBGN/苯氧乙醇（PE）进行了测试。
结果：致敏患病率为1.7％（45/2653），2018年和2023年达到5.3%的峰值，MDBGN为0.3%。男性有两倍的优势，患者完全≥20岁。没有患者对PE有反应。ACD发生率为0.7%(19/2653)，主要影响手，并与非职业暴露有关(78.9%)，特别是从冲洗/免洗化妆品。“患有手部湿疹和香水过敏的中年男性”的模式尤其值得注意。职业性ACD很少见（21.1%），主要发生在发胶中的理发师。具有当前临床相关性的阳性反应从48.3％（1996-2014年）下降到2015年后的零（p<0.001）。
结论：该禁令有效减少了土耳其MDBGN诱导的ACD，然而阳性斑贴试验反应的患病率仍然很高，可能是由于过去的曝光或其他未公开的来源。我们建议在土耳其的EBS中继续测试MDBGN。
目的：评估土耳其禁用MDBGN前后的致敏性和ACD率。
方法：数据来自1996年至2023年期间2653例接受MDBGN0.1%pet连续斑贴测试的患者。(n=573)或0.2%-0.3%宠物。(n=1310)或0.5%pet。（n=770）进行了分析。在1434例患者中，将MDBGN作为MDBGN/苯氧乙醇（PE）进行了测试。
结果：致敏患病率为1.7％（45/2653），2018年和2023年达到5.3%的峰值，MDBGN为0.3%。男性有两倍的优势，患者完全≥20岁。没有患者对PE有反应。ACD发生率为0.7%(19/2653)，主要影响手，并与非职业暴露有关(78.9%)，特别是从冲洗/免洗化妆品。“患有手部湿疹和香水过敏的中年男性”的模式尤其值得注意。职业性ACD很少见（21.1%），主要发生在发胶中的理发师。具有当前临床相关性的阳性反应从48.3％（1996-2014年）下降到2015年后的零（p<0.001）。
结论：该禁令有效减少了土耳其MDBGN诱导的ACD，然而阳性斑贴试验反应的患病率仍然很高，可能是由于过去的曝光或其他未公开的来源。我们建议在土耳其的EBS中继续测试MDBGN。
