Abstract：
This study aimed to assess the toxicity effects of chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid, alone and in combination, on oxidative biomarkers and blood biochemistry of Cyprinus carpio. A total of 324 common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were distributed among 27 tanks and exposed to concentrations of 0.0, 100, and 200 μg L-1 of chlorpyrifos and 0.0, 10.0, and 20.0 μg L-1 of imidacloprid for 28 days. Changes in enzyme activities in the plasma of fish exposed to chlorpyrifos depended on the dose. In contrast, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities were significantly increased in fish exposed to imidacloprid, alone and in combination with chlorpyrifos. However, the activity of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) was significantly decreased. Exposure to imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos, alone and in combination, increased glucose, urea, cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine levels, whereas total protein and albumin levels were significantly decreased. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and catalase (CAT) was significantly increased, while glutathione reductase (GR) was significantly decreased. Additionally, although the total antioxidant capacity (TAN) was significantly decreased, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased after exposure to imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos, alone and in combination. In conclusion, exposure to imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos, alone and in combination, induced oxidative stress and altered blood biochemistry in carp fish. Moreover, imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos had synergistic effects on some oxidative and biochemical biomarkers.
摘要：
本研究旨在评估毒死蜱和吡虫啉的毒性效应,单独和组合，鲤鱼的氧化生物标志物和血液生化研究。共有324只鲤鱼（Cyprinuscarpio）分布在27个罐中，暴露于浓度分别为0.0、100和200μgL-1的毒死蜱和0.0、10.0和20.0μgL-1的吡虫啉中28天。暴露于毒死rif的鱼血浆中酶活性的变化取决于剂量。相比之下,天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST），丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT），碱性磷酸酶(ALP),乳酸脱氢酶（LDH），肌酸磷酸激酶（CPK），γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）活性在暴露于吡虫啉的鱼中显着增加，单独和与毒死蜱联合使用。然而,丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）活性明显降低。暴露于吡虫啉和毒死蜱，单独和组合，葡萄糖增加，尿素,胆固醇,甘油三酯，和肌酐水平，而总蛋白和白蛋白水平显著下降。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx），谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST），过氧化氢酶（CAT）显著增加，而谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）显著降低。此外,虽然总抗氧化能力(TAN)显著下降，丙二醛（MDA）水平在暴露于吡虫啉和毒死蜱后增加，单独和组合。总之,暴露于吡虫啉和毒死蜱，单独和组合，在鲤鱼中诱导氧化应激和改变血液生化。此外，吡虫啉和毒死蜱对某些氧化和生化生物标志物具有协同作用。
