Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Depression is a significant public health issue, closely associated with epilepsy and oxidative stress (OS). This study aims to explore the level of OS in patients with epilepsy and its relationship with moderate to severe depression (MSD).
METHODS: This cross-sectional study includes 10,819 participants aged 20-80 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (2013-2020 pre-pandemic). Depression symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and epilepsy was diagnosed based on antiepileptic drug use in the past 30 days. The oxidative balance score (OBS) was calculated from dietary recall and lifestyle habits over the previous 24 h.
RESULTS: Compared to non-epileptic subjects, epileptic patients have a significantly higher prevalence of depression. Epileptic patients exhibit lower OBS and Dietary Oxidative Balance Scores (DOBS), while there is no significant difference in Lifestyle Oxidative Balance Scores (LOBS). Depressed patients show lower OBS, DOBS, and LOBS. The mediation model indicates that DOBS mediates 3.44 % of epilepsy-related MSD.
CONCLUSIONS: Epileptic patients exhibit significantly higher levels of OS and consume more pro-oxidant foods compared to the general population. However, their lifestyle habits do not differ significantly from those of the control group. Additionally, epileptic patients are at a higher risk of developing MSD. Although a pro-oxidant diet may be associated with epilepsy-mediated MSD, its mediating effect is relatively weak.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study includes 10,819 participants aged 20-80 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (2013-2020 pre-pandemic). Depression symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and epilepsy was diagnosed based on antiepileptic drug use in the past 30 days. The oxidative balance score (OBS) was calculated from dietary recall and lifestyle habits over the previous 24 h.
RESULTS: Compared to non-epileptic subjects, epileptic patients have a significantly higher prevalence of depression. Epileptic patients exhibit lower OBS and Dietary Oxidative Balance Scores (DOBS), while there is no significant difference in Lifestyle Oxidative Balance Scores (LOBS). Depressed patients show lower OBS, DOBS, and LOBS. The mediation model indicates that DOBS mediates 3.44 % of epilepsy-related MSD.
CONCLUSIONS: Epileptic patients exhibit significantly higher levels of OS and consume more pro-oxidant foods compared to the general population. However, their lifestyle habits do not differ significantly from those of the control group. Additionally, epileptic patients are at a higher risk of developing MSD. Although a pro-oxidant diet may be associated with epilepsy-mediated MSD, its mediating effect is relatively weak.
摘要：
背景：抑郁症是一个重要的公共卫生问题，与癫痫和氧化应激（OS）密切相关。本研究旨在探讨癫痫患者的OS水平及其与中重度抑郁(MSD)的关系。
方法：这项横断面研究包括来自国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）数据库（2013-2020年大流行前）的10,819名20-80岁的参与者。使用患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）评估抑郁症状，根据过去30天内抗癫痫药物的使用情况诊断为癫痫。根据过去24小时的饮食回忆和生活习惯计算氧化平衡评分（OBS）。
结果：与非癫痫患者相比，癫痫患者的抑郁症患病率明显较高。癫痫患者表现出较低的OBS和饮食氧化平衡评分（DOBS），而生活方式氧化平衡分数（LOBS）没有显着差异。抑郁患者表现出较低的OBS，DOBS,和LOBS。中介模型表明，DOBS介导了3.44%的癫痫相关MSD。
结论：与普通人群相比，癫痫患者表现出更高的OS水平和消耗更多的促氧化剂食物。然而,他们的生活习惯与对照组没有显着差异。此外,癫痫患者发生MSD的风险较高。虽然促氧化剂饮食可能与癫痫介导的MSD有关，其中介作用相对较弱。
方法：这项横断面研究包括来自国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）数据库（2013-2020年大流行前）的10,819名20-80岁的参与者。使用患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）评估抑郁症状，根据过去30天内抗癫痫药物的使用情况诊断为癫痫。根据过去24小时的饮食回忆和生活习惯计算氧化平衡评分（OBS）。
结果：与非癫痫患者相比，癫痫患者的抑郁症患病率明显较高。癫痫患者表现出较低的OBS和饮食氧化平衡评分（DOBS），而生活方式氧化平衡分数（LOBS）没有显着差异。抑郁患者表现出较低的OBS，DOBS,和LOBS。中介模型表明，DOBS介导了3.44%的癫痫相关MSD。
结论：与普通人群相比，癫痫患者表现出更高的OS水平和消耗更多的促氧化剂食物。然而,他们的生活习惯与对照组没有显着差异。此外,癫痫患者发生MSD的风险较高。虽然促氧化剂饮食可能与癫痫介导的MSD有关，其中介作用相对较弱。
