PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Increasing research examines social determinants of health, including structural oppression and discrimination. Microaggression - subtle/ambiguous slights against one\'s marginalized identity - is distinct from discrimination, which typically presents as overt and hostile. The current study investigated the comparative effects of each exposure on young adult anxiety, depression, and sleep. Race-stratified analyses investigated patterns across groups.
METHODS: Young adults (N = 48,606) completed the Spring 2022 American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment III. Logistic regressions tested odds of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and sleep disturbance in association with microaggression and discrimination exposure.
RESULTS: Microaggression and discrimination equally predicted increased likelihood of anxiety symptoms (ORMicro = 1.42, ORDiscrim = 1.46). Discrimination more strongly predicted depressive symptoms (OR = 1.59) and sleep disturbance (OR = 1.54) than did microaggression (ORDepress = 1.24, ORSleep = 1.27). Race-stratified analyses indicated stronger associations between the each exposure and poor mental health in Whites than Asian American, Black/African American, and Hispanic or Latino/a/x respondents.
CONCLUSIONS: Microaggression and discrimination exposure were each assessed using a single item. The outcome measures were not assessed using validated measures of anxiety, depression, and sleep (e.g., GAD-7, MOS-SS); thus results should be interpreted with caution. Analyses were cross-sectional hindering our ability to make causal inferences.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide preliminary evidence that microaggression and discrimination exposure operate on health in distinct ways. Racially marginalized individuals may demonstrate a blunted stress response relative to Whites. Treatment approaches must be tailored to the particular exposures facing affected individuals to maximize benefits.
METHODS: Young adults (N = 48,606) completed the Spring 2022 American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment III. Logistic regressions tested odds of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and sleep disturbance in association with microaggression and discrimination exposure.
RESULTS: Microaggression and discrimination equally predicted increased likelihood of anxiety symptoms (ORMicro = 1.42, ORDiscrim = 1.46). Discrimination more strongly predicted depressive symptoms (OR = 1.59) and sleep disturbance (OR = 1.54) than did microaggression (ORDepress = 1.24, ORSleep = 1.27). Race-stratified analyses indicated stronger associations between the each exposure and poor mental health in Whites than Asian American, Black/African American, and Hispanic or Latino/a/x respondents.
CONCLUSIONS: Microaggression and discrimination exposure were each assessed using a single item. The outcome measures were not assessed using validated measures of anxiety, depression, and sleep (e.g., GAD-7, MOS-SS); thus results should be interpreted with caution. Analyses were cross-sectional hindering our ability to make causal inferences.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide preliminary evidence that microaggression and discrimination exposure operate on health in distinct ways. Racially marginalized individuals may demonstrate a blunted stress response relative to Whites. Treatment approaches must be tailored to the particular exposures facing affected individuals to maximize benefits.
摘要：
背景：越来越多的研究检查健康的社会决定因素，包括结构性压迫和歧视。微侵略-对一个人的边缘化身份的微妙/模棱两可的轻视-与歧视不同，通常表现为公开和敌对。当前的研究调查了每种暴露对年轻成人焦虑的比较影响，抑郁症,和睡眠。种族分层分析调查了各组的模式。
方法：年轻人（N=48,606）完成了2022年春季美国大学健康协会-国家大学健康评估III。Logistic回归测试了焦虑症状的几率，抑郁症状,和睡眠障碍与微攻击和歧视暴露有关。
结果：微攻击和歧视同样预测焦虑症状的可能性增加（ORDiscrim=1.46，ORMicro=1.42）。与微攻击（ORDepress=1.24，ORSleep=1.27）相比，歧视更能预测抑郁症状（OR=1.59）和睡眠障碍（OR=1.54）。种族分层分析表明，与亚裔美国人相比，白人的暴露与不良心理健康之间的关联更强。黑人/非洲裔美国人，和西班牙裔或拉丁裔/a/x受访者。
结论：微攻击和辨别暴露分别使用单个项目进行评估。结果测量没有使用经过验证的焦虑测量进行评估，抑郁症,和睡眠(例如，GAD-7,MOS-SS),因此，应谨慎解释结果。分析是横断面的，阻碍了我们做出因果推断的能力。
结论：研究结果提供了初步证据，表明微攻击和歧视暴露以不同的方式对健康起作用。相对于白人，种族边缘化的个体可能表现出迟钝的应激反应。治疗方法必须针对受影响个体面临的特定风险进行调整，以最大限度地获益。
方法：年轻人（N=48,606）完成了2022年春季美国大学健康协会-国家大学健康评估III。Logistic回归测试了焦虑症状的几率，抑郁症状,和睡眠障碍与微攻击和歧视暴露有关。
结果：微攻击和歧视同样预测焦虑症状的可能性增加（ORDiscrim=1.46，ORMicro=1.42）。与微攻击（ORDepress=1.24，ORSleep=1.27）相比，歧视更能预测抑郁症状（OR=1.59）和睡眠障碍（OR=1.54）。种族分层分析表明，与亚裔美国人相比，白人的暴露与不良心理健康之间的关联更强。黑人/非洲裔美国人，和西班牙裔或拉丁裔/a/x受访者。
结论：微攻击和辨别暴露分别使用单个项目进行评估。结果测量没有使用经过验证的焦虑测量进行评估，抑郁症,和睡眠(例如，GAD-7,MOS-SS),因此，应谨慎解释结果。分析是横断面的，阻碍了我们做出因果推断的能力。
结论：研究结果提供了初步证据，表明微攻击和歧视暴露以不同的方式对健康起作用。相对于白人，种族边缘化的个体可能表现出迟钝的应激反应。治疗方法必须针对受影响个体面临的特定风险进行调整，以最大限度地获益。
