Abstract：
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between cervical measurements and difficult airways using ultrasonographic measurements. American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I to III, male or female, 120 adult patients, undergoing elective surgery were enrolled in the study. The study involved measuring the distance of the trachea, cricoid cartilage, thyroid cartilage, vocal cord anterior commissure, and hyoid bone to the skin using a 10 to 13 MHz linear ultrasound probe in the transverse plane. Additionally, the length of the cricothyroid and thyrohyoid membranes, along with their distance from the skin, were measured using the probe in the sagittal plane. Subsequently, another experienced anesthesiologist conducted mask ventilation and intubation after the patient\'s induction of general anesthesia. Throughout this process, the patient was assessed for difficulties in mask ventilation, laryngoscopy, and intubation. 28 (23.3%) patients had a difficult airway. Analyzing the measurements associated with difficult airways, the most reliable predictor was the epiglottis midline-skin distance [AUC (area under the curve): 0.847, P < .001, cutoff: >19.9, sensitivity: 78.6%, specificity: 79.4%]. Additionally, other factors such as hyoid bone to skin distance, thyroid cartilage to skin distance, thyrohyoid membrane to skin distance, and vocal cord anterior commissure-skin distance were also identified as predictors for a difficult airway. The increase in the distance of the epiglottis midline, vocal cord anterior commissure, hyoid bone, thyrohyoid membrane, and thyroid cartilage to the skin at the level of the isthmus measured by ultrasonography is predictive of difficult airways. Based on our study outcomes, we assert that ultrasonographic evaluation can be used in the prediction of difficult airways.
摘要：
这项研究旨在通过超声检查来研究宫颈测量与困难气道之间的关系。美国麻醉医师协会一级至三级，男性或女性，120名成人患者,接受择期手术的患者被纳入研究.这项研究涉及测量气管的距离，环状软骨,甲状软骨,声带前连合，舌骨和皮肤使用10至13兆赫的线性超声探头在横向平面。此外,环甲和甲状腺膜的长度，随着它们与皮肤的距离，使用探头在矢状面测量。随后，另一位经验丰富的麻醉医师在患者全身麻醉诱导后进行面罩通气和插管。在整个过程中,评估患者的面罩通气困难，喉镜检查,和插管。28例（23.3%）患者气道困难。分析与困难气道相关的测量，最可靠的预测指标是会厌中线-皮肤距离[AUC（曲线下面积）：0.847，P<.001，截止值：>19.9，灵敏度：78.6％，特异性：79.4%]。此外,其他因素，如舌骨到皮肤的距离，甲状软骨到皮肤的距离，甲状腺舌骨膜到皮肤的距离，和声带前连合-皮肤距离也被确定为困难气道的预测因子。会厌中线距离的增加，声带前连合，舌骨,甲状腺舌骨膜，通过超声检查测量的峡部水平的皮肤和甲状软骨可以预测困难的气道。根据我们的研究结果，我们断言,超声评估可用于困难气道的预测.
