Abstract：
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is often considered a \'great imitator\' and is the most common form of leishmaniasis. The Leishmania species responsible for CL varies among countries, as these species exhibit specific distribution patterns. The increased mobility of people across countries has resulted in the imported incidences of leishmaniasis caused by non-endemic species of Leishmania. During 2023, we confirmed three CL cases caused by L. major from Kerala, India, and upon detailed investigation, these were identified to be imported from the Middle East and Kazakhstan regions. This is the first report of CL caused by L. major from Kerala. The lesion morphology, detection of anti-rK 39 antibody and Leishmania parasite DNA from the blood samples were the unique observations of these cases. Kerala, being an emerging endemic zone of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and CL, the imported incidences of leishmaniasis by non-endemic species can pose a significant threat, potentially initiating new transmission cycles of leishmaniasis caused by non-endemic species.
摘要：
皮肤利什曼病（CL）通常被认为是“伟大的模仿者”，并且是利什曼病的最常见形式。负责CL的利什曼原虫物种因国家而异，因为这些物种表现出特定的分布模式。各国人口流动性的增加导致利什曼原虫的非特有物种引起的利什曼病的输入性发病率。在2023年，我们确认了3例由喀拉拉邦的L.major引起的CL病例，印度,经过详细的调查，这些被确定为从中东和哈萨克斯坦地区进口。这是喀拉拉邦L.major引起的CL的第一份报告。病变形态，从血液样本中检测抗rK39抗体和利什曼原虫寄生虫DNA是这些病例的独特观察结果。喀拉拉邦,作为内脏利什曼病（VL）和CL的新兴流行区，非特有物种输入的利什曼病发病率可能构成重大威胁，可能引发由非特有物种引起的利什曼病的新传播周期。
