Abstract：
With the increasing use of sustainable energy sources, the electric scooter has become a widely used vehicle. The aim of the study is to analyse the types of facial fracture related to road traffic accidents to outline the need for dedicated road rules. An observational, retrospective, multicentre study was carried out at the Maxillofacial Surgery Units of six Italian hospitals. Fifty patients (mean age was 34.76 years) from January 2020 to January 2024 were enrolled. The severity of trauma was evaluated by the Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS) by Bagheri et al. Most of the accidents occurred during the day and the weekend in spring or summer; 24 drivers collided with infrastructures or pedestrians, while 26 involved other vehicles. A total of 33 vehicles were rented, and 17 were privately owned. A total of 43 subjects were not wearing helmets, five patients were drunk, and three patients took drugs. In order of frequency, the facial fractures involved: zygomatico-maxillary-orbital complex (ZMOC) (n = 16), mandibular condyle (n = 13), nasal bone (n = 11), orbit floor (n = 8), and mandibular body (n = 7). Fractures such as Le Fort I (n = 4), naso-orbito-ethmoidal NOE (n = 4) and mandibular ramus (n = 4) were less common. Other types of facial fracture were rare. Thirty patients reported multiple facial fractures. The vast majority of the cases showed a low severity grade FISS score. Fifteen patients suffered polytrauma. The mean hospitalisation time was 8.3 days. As accidents with electric scooters are increasing, it is important to characterise the most frequent facial fractures to improve patient management and encourage the introduction of new road rules.
摘要：
随着可持续能源的使用，电动滑板车已成为广泛使用的车辆。该研究的目的是分析与道路交通事故有关的面部骨折类型，以概述专用道路规则的必要性。一个观察,回顾性,在意大利六家医院的颌面外科部门进行了多中心研究。纳入2020年1月至2024年1月的50名患者（平均年龄为34.76岁）。创伤的严重程度通过Bagheri等人的面部损伤严重程度量表（FISS）进行评估。事故大多发生在春季或夏季的白天和周末;24名司机与基础设施或行人相撞,而26人涉及其他车辆。共租用了33辆车,17个是私人拥有的。共有43名受试者没有戴头盔,五个病人喝醉了，和三个病人服用药物。按照频率的顺序,涉及的面部骨折：颌骨-上颌-眶复合体（ZMOC）（n=16），下颌髁突（n=13），鼻骨（n=11），轨道地板（n=8），和下颌体(n=7)。LeFortI（n=4）等骨折，鼻流筛NOE（n=4）和下颌支（n=4）较不常见。其他类型的面部骨折很少见。30例患者报告多发性面部骨折。绝大多数病例显示出严重程度低的FISS评分。15例患者遭受多发性创伤。平均住院时间为8.3天。随着电动滑板车事故的增加，重要的是要描述最常见的面部骨折，以改善患者管理并鼓励引入新的道路规则。
