Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: The economic and mortality burden of cancer is high worldwide. In Europe, cancer was responsible for 1.3 million deaths in 2020 and incurred an estimated cost of €50 billion from premature mortality. Human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are among the leading causes of infection-related cancers despite the availability of effective vaccines against these infections. This analysis estimated the mortality and productivity loss of HBV- and HPV-associated cancers that could be preventable through vaccination across European regions.
UNASSIGNED: Institute for Health Metrics Evaluation (IHME) data were used to estimate mortality, years of life lost (YLL), and the value of years of life lost (VYLL) from five HBV- and HPV-related cancers (oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, cervical, and liver cancers) across 40 European countries in 2019. Preventable deaths and YLL were estimated based on fractions attributable to infections. Data from the World Bank on GDP per capita were used to estimate the VYLL. The robustness of these results was explored with sensitivity and scenario analyses.
UNASSIGNED: In 2019, 31,906 cancer deaths resulted in an economic burden of €18,521,614,725 due to productivity losses across Europe. HPV-related cervical cancer had the highest mortality (19,473 deaths) and economic burden (€10,706,253,185). HBV-related liver cancer and HPV-related larynx, oral cavity, and oropharynx cancers also had a substantial burden, particularly in males. Eastern Europe had the highest YLL (308,179; 39%) and Western Europe was responsible for the greatest VYLL (€8,281,306,504; 45%), although the highest VYLL per death was in Northern Europe (€923,638). HPV-related oropharynx cancer had the highest VYLL per death (€656,607).
UNASSIGNED: HPV- and HBV-related cancer deaths are associated with substantial mortality and productivity losses in Europe, which could be reduced by the continued prioritization and implementation of prophylactic public health measures including systematic awareness, vaccination, and screening efforts.
UNASSIGNED: Institute for Health Metrics Evaluation (IHME) data were used to estimate mortality, years of life lost (YLL), and the value of years of life lost (VYLL) from five HBV- and HPV-related cancers (oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, cervical, and liver cancers) across 40 European countries in 2019. Preventable deaths and YLL were estimated based on fractions attributable to infections. Data from the World Bank on GDP per capita were used to estimate the VYLL. The robustness of these results was explored with sensitivity and scenario analyses.
UNASSIGNED: In 2019, 31,906 cancer deaths resulted in an economic burden of €18,521,614,725 due to productivity losses across Europe. HPV-related cervical cancer had the highest mortality (19,473 deaths) and economic burden (€10,706,253,185). HBV-related liver cancer and HPV-related larynx, oral cavity, and oropharynx cancers also had a substantial burden, particularly in males. Eastern Europe had the highest YLL (308,179; 39%) and Western Europe was responsible for the greatest VYLL (€8,281,306,504; 45%), although the highest VYLL per death was in Northern Europe (€923,638). HPV-related oropharynx cancer had the highest VYLL per death (€656,607).
UNASSIGNED: HPV- and HBV-related cancer deaths are associated with substantial mortality and productivity losses in Europe, which could be reduced by the continued prioritization and implementation of prophylactic public health measures including systematic awareness, vaccination, and screening efforts.
摘要：
癌症的经济和死亡负担在全球范围内都很高。在欧洲,在2020年，癌症导致130万人死亡，估计因过早死亡而造成的费用为500亿欧元。人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）是感染相关癌症的主要原因之一，尽管有有效的疫苗针对这些感染。这项分析估计了HBV和HPV相关癌症的死亡率和生产力损失，这些癌症可以通过欧洲地区的疫苗接种来预防。
■健康指标评估研究所（IHME）数据用于估计死亡率，多年的生命损失（YLL），以及五种与HBV和HPV相关的癌症（口腔，口咽,喉部,子宫颈,和肝癌），2019年在40个欧洲国家。基于可归因于感染的分数来估计可预防的死亡和YLL。世界银行关于人均国内生产总值的数据被用来估计VYLL。通过敏感性和情景分析探索了这些结果的稳健性。
■2019年，由于整个欧洲的生产力下降，31,906例癌症死亡造成了18,521,614,725欧元的经济负担。HPV相关的宫颈癌死亡率最高（19,473例死亡）和经济负担最高（10,706,253,185欧元）。HBV相关肝癌和HPV相关喉部,口腔,口咽癌症也有很大的负担，尤其是男性。东欧的年历最高（308,179；39％），西欧的年历最高（8,281,306,504欧元；45％），尽管每名死亡人数最高的是北欧(923,638欧元)。与HPV相关的口咽癌具有最高的VYLL/死亡（656,607欧元）。
■HPV和HBV相关癌症死亡与欧洲的大量死亡率和生产力损失有关。通过继续优先考虑和实施预防性公共卫生措施，包括系统意识，可以减少这种情况，疫苗接种,和筛选工作。
■健康指标评估研究所（IHME）数据用于估计死亡率，多年的生命损失（YLL），以及五种与HBV和HPV相关的癌症（口腔，口咽,喉部,子宫颈,和肝癌），2019年在40个欧洲国家。基于可归因于感染的分数来估计可预防的死亡和YLL。世界银行关于人均国内生产总值的数据被用来估计VYLL。通过敏感性和情景分析探索了这些结果的稳健性。
■2019年，由于整个欧洲的生产力下降，31,906例癌症死亡造成了18,521,614,725欧元的经济负担。HPV相关的宫颈癌死亡率最高（19,473例死亡）和经济负担最高（10,706,253,185欧元）。HBV相关肝癌和HPV相关喉部,口腔,口咽癌症也有很大的负担，尤其是男性。东欧的年历最高（308,179；39％），西欧的年历最高（8,281,306,504欧元；45％），尽管每名死亡人数最高的是北欧(923,638欧元)。与HPV相关的口咽癌具有最高的VYLL/死亡（656,607欧元）。
■HPV和HBV相关癌症死亡与欧洲的大量死亡率和生产力损失有关。通过继续优先考虑和实施预防性公共卫生措施，包括系统意识，可以减少这种情况，疫苗接种,和筛选工作。
