PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Invasive alien species implications in ecological threats are attributed to their unique characteristics that are linked to their invasion. Veronica persica (Plantaginaceae family) is an alien weed species in Egypt. Regardless of its widespread globally in various regions, the growth traits and behavior of V. persica remain poorly understood. The comprehensive analysis, reveals the optimal germination (Gmax) was detected at 10/20 °C, 15/20 °C, and 20/25 °C at the moderate temperature regimes. The rapid germination rate (G rate) peaked at 10/20 °C regime, with a rate of 0.376 per day. Furthermore, under stress conditions, V. persica has 50% germination inhibition (G50) and 50% of growth inhibition occurred at - 0.91 MPa and 0.75 MPa of osmotic pressure and 3225.81 ppm and 2677.1 ppm of salt stress (NaCl) respectively. The germination ranged from 6 to 9 pH, with the highest germination percentage occurring at a pH of 7 & 8, reaching 88.75% compared to the control group. There is a strong interaction effect between habitats and plant stages, the plant stages and habitats have significant effects (p ≤ 0.00) on V. persica growth. There was high and moderate plasticity in the response of morphological and growth features between stages. During the seedling-juvenile interval and the juvenile-flowering stages, respectively, there was a noticeable increase in both Relative Growth Rate and Net Assimilation Rate. Demographic surveys identified approximately 24 species across 11 families associated with V. persica in invaded areas. The Sorenson indices of qualitative index exhibited high similarity values in the invaded sites by (82.35%) compared to (72.72%) in non-invaded sites. However, interactions with native communities were reflected in lower richness, diversity, and evenness, displaying slightly higher Simpson index 1 (λ) values compared to invaded and non-invaded sites (0.043 and 0.0290) vs. (0.0207 and 0.268), in rangelands and F. carica orchards respectively. These results emphasize the substantially higher adaptability of V. persica to variable environmental conditions and abilities to invade a new community. This knowledge about invasive V. persica weeds germination and growth is itemized as the consistent predictive base for future invasion and informs strategic management priorities.
摘要：
外来入侵物种对生态威胁的影响归因于其与入侵有关的独特特征。Veronicapersica（车前草科）是埃及的外来杂草物种。不管它在全球不同地区的广泛传播，紫罗兰的生长特性和行为仍然知之甚少。综合分析,揭示了在10/20°C下检测到的最佳发芽（Gmax），15/20°C,在中等温度条件下为20/25°C。快速发芽率（G率）在10/20°C状态下达到峰值，以每天0.376的速度。此外，在应力条件下，v.persica具有50％的发芽抑制（G50）和50％的生长抑制发生在-0.91MPa和0.75MPa的渗透压以及3225.81ppm和2677.1ppm的盐胁迫（NaCl）下。发芽范围为6至9pH，与对照组相比，在pH值为7和8时发芽率最高，达到88.75％。生境和植物阶段之间存在强烈的相互作用效应，植物阶段和生境对紫苏的生长有显着影响（p≤0.00）。阶段之间的形态和生长特征的响应具有高度和中等的可塑性。在幼苗-幼年间隔和幼年-开花期，分别,相对增长率和净同化率都有显著提高。人口统计调查确定了入侵地区与V.persica相关的11个科大约24种。定性指数的Sorenson指数在入侵站点中显示出较高的相似性值（82.35％），而在非入侵站点中为（72.72％）。然而,与土著社区的互动反映在较低的丰富程度上，多样性,和均匀性，与入侵和非入侵站点（0.043和0.0290）相比，辛普森指数1（λ）值略高（0.0207和0.268），分别在牧场和F.carica果园中。这些结果强调了V.persica对变化的环境条件和入侵新社区的能力具有更高的适应性。有关侵袭性紫罗兰杂草发芽和生长的知识被逐项列为未来入侵的一致预测基础，并告知战略管理优先事项。
