Abstract：
Cat-transmitted sporotrichosis is caused by the emerging fungal pathogen Sporothrix brasiliensis and constitutes a significant public health issue that affects people living in resource-poor urban centers in Brazil. The lack of knowledge about transmission dynamics makes it difficult to propose public health policies to contain the advance of sporotrichosis. We describe the recent emergence of 1,176 cases of sporotrichosis in cats (2016 to 2021) in the metropolitan region of Recife, Brazil, leading to significant zoonotic transmission and an overwhelming occurrence of S. brasiliensis as the etiological agent. Most cases were from cats in the cities of Olinda (408/1,176; 34.70%), Jaboatão dos Guararapes (332/1,176; 28.23%), and Recife (237/1,176; 20.15%). Molecular typing using amplified fragment length polymorphism (EcoRI-GA/MseI-AG) revealed low polymorphic information content (PIC = 0.2499) and heterozygosity (H = 0.2928), typical of an outbreak scenario. Dendrogram and multivariate cluster analysis revealed that isolates from Pernambuco are closely related to Rio de Janeiro isolates. We report a substantial occurrence of MAT1-2 idiomorphs in the metropolitan region of Recife (0:60 ratio; χ2 = 60.000, P < 0.0001). The limited population differentiation and genetic diversity of the isolates from Pernambuco suggest a recent introduction, possibly via a founder effect, from the parental population in Rio de Janeiro. Our findings emphasize the critical importance of molecular surveillance of S. brasiliensis for outbreak response. A comprehensive one-health strategy is mandatory to control the spread of cat-transmitted sporotrichosis driven by S. brasiliensis, encompassing sanitary barriers, quick diagnosis, and treatment.
摘要：
猫传播的孢子丝菌病是由新兴的真菌病原体巴西孢子丝菌引起的，构成了严重的公共卫生问题，影响了生活在巴西资源贫乏的城市中心的人们。缺乏有关传播动力学的知识，因此很难提出公共卫生政策来遏制孢子丝菌病的发展。我们描述了累西腓大都市地区最近出现的1,176例猫孢子丝菌病（2016年至2021年），巴西,导致大量的人畜共患传播和巴西链球菌作为病原体的压倒性发生。大多数病例来自Olinda市的猫（408/1,176;34.70％），JaboatãodosGuarararapes（332/1,176；28.23％），和累西腓（237/1176；20.15%）。使用扩增片段长度多态性（EcoRI-GA/MseI-AG）进行分子分型显示出低多态性信息含量（PIC=0.2499）和杂合性（H=0.2928），典型的爆发场景。树状图和多变量聚类分析表明，伯南布哥州的分离株与里约热内卢的分离株密切相关。我们报告了在累西腓大都市地区大量发生MAT1-2异常形态（0：60比率；χ2=60.000，P<0.0001）。伯南布哥州分离株的有限种群分化和遗传多样性表明，最近的介绍，可能是通过创始人效应，来自里约热内卢的父母。我们的发现强调了巴西链球菌分子监测对疫情应对的至关重要性。必须采取全面的单一健康策略来控制由巴西链球菌驱动的猫传播的孢子丝菌病的传播，包括卫生屏障，快速诊断,和治疗。
