Abstract：
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of urban derived biochars such as Sugarcane bagasse (SB), Brinjal Stem (BS), and Citrus Peel (CP) produced at two different pyrolysis conditions (450 and 600 °C for 60 min) for soil heavy metal bioremediation potential. An ex-situ study was conducted to remediate single heavy metal-contaminated SoilRite with lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr) and cadmium (Cd), with biochars applied at different rates. Heavy metal status in soilrite was evaluated using various extraction methods (water-soluble, exchangeable, TCLP (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure), and PBET (Physiologically Based Extraction Tests)) to determine the biochar treatments\' efficacy. The findings show that SB biochar at 450-60 are more effective in immobilizing heavy metals in water-soluble (Cd-100% Pb and Cu-70%), exchangeable (Pb:91%, Cd and Cu by 70-80%) and PBET-extracted forms (Cd-91%, Pb-80%, and Cu-75%), whereas biochar derived from BS (84%) and CP (90%) at 600-60 are more effective in immobilizing TCLP-extracted form of Pb and Cu. Urban derived biochars significantly reduced the toxicity of Pb, Cu, and Cd in various extractable forms and can stabilize and convert them into less accessible forms except for Cr. These extraction methods aid in evaluating environmental risks and influencing remediation strategies for soil heavy metal pollution. Urban biochar, as a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution, significantly solves this issue, facilitating sustainable waste management.
摘要：
本研究旨在评估城市衍生生物炭的有效性，如甘蔗渣(SB)，BrinjalStem(BS),和柑橘皮（CP）在两种不同的热解条件下（450和600°C持续60分钟）产生，具有土壤重金属生物修复潜力。进行了非原位研究，用铅（Pb）修复了单个重金属污染的SoilRite，铜(Cu),铬(Cr)和镉(Cd),生物碳以不同的比例施用。使用各种提取方法（水溶性，可交换,TCLP（毒性特征浸出程序），和PBET(基于生理的提取试验))以确定生物炭处理的功效。研究结果表明，450-60的SB生物炭更有效地固定水溶性重金属（Cd-100％Pb和Cu-70％），可交换(铅:91%，Cd和Cu占70-80%）和PBET提取形式（Cd-91%，Pb-80%,和Cu-75%)，而600-60的BS（84％）和CP（90％）衍生的生物炭更有效地固定了TCLP提取的Pb和Cu形式。城市衍生的生物炭显著降低了铅的毒性，Cu,和Cd以各种可提取形式存在，并且可以稳定并将其转化为除Cr以外的不易获得的形式。这些提取方法有助于评估环境风险并影响土壤重金属污染的修复策略。城市生物炭,作为一种具有成本效益和生态友好的解决方案，大大解决了这个问题，促进可持续的废物管理。
