PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. The termite fungus comb is an integral component of nests of termites, which are a global pest. Termite fungus comb polysaccharides (TFCPs) have been identified to possess antioxidant, anti-aging, and immune-enhancing properties. However, their physicochemical characteristics and their role in fighting diabetes have not been previously reported. In the current study, TFCPs were isolated and structurally characterized. The yield of TFCPs was determined to be 2.76%, and it was found to be composed of a diverse array of polysaccharides with varying molecular weights. The hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of TFCPs, as well as their potential mechanisms of action, were investigated in a T2D mouse model. The results demonstrated that oral administration of TFCPs could alleviate fasting blood glucose levels, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and the dysfunction of pancreatic islets in T2D mice. In terms of mechanisms, the TFCPs enhanced hepatic glycogenesis and glycolysis while inhibiting gluconeogenesis. Additionally, the TFCPs suppressed hepatic de novo lipogenesis and promoted fatty acid oxidation. Furthermore, the TFCPs altered the composition of the gut microbiota in the T2D mice, increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Allobaculum and Faecalibaculum, while reducing the levels of pathogens like Mailhella and Acetatifactor. Overall, these findings suggest that TFCPs may exert anti-diabetic effects by regulating hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism and the composition of the gut microbiota. These findings suggest that TFCPs can be used as a promising functional ingredient for the prevention and treatment of T2D.
摘要：
2型糖尿病（T2D）是一种以高血糖和血脂异常为特征的慢性代谢紊乱。白蚁真菌梳子是白蚁巢的组成部分，这是一种全球性的害虫。白蚁真菌梳多糖（TFCP）已被确定具有抗氧化剂，抗衰老,和免疫增强特性。然而,它们的物理化学特征和它们在对抗糖尿病中的作用以前没有报道。在目前的研究中,分离TFCP并进行结构表征。TFCP的产率确定为2.76%，发现它由不同分子量的多糖组成。TFCP的降血糖和降血脂作用，以及它们潜在的作用机制，在T2D小鼠模型中进行了研究。结果表明，口服TFCP可以缓解空腹血糖水平，胰岛素抵抗，高脂血症,和T2D小鼠胰岛功能障碍。在机制方面,TFCP在抑制糖异生的同时增强肝脏糖原生成和糖酵解。此外,TFCP抑制肝脏从头脂肪生成并促进脂肪酸氧化。此外，TFCP改变了T2D小鼠肠道微生物群的组成，增加有益细菌的丰度，例如Allobaculum和Faecalibaculum，同时降低Mailhella和醋酸纤维素等病原体的水平。总的来说,这些发现提示TFCP可能通过调节肝脏糖脂代谢和肠道菌群的组成而发挥抗糖尿病作用.这些发现表明TFCP可以用作预防和治疗T2D的有希望的功能成分。
