PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The significance of physical activity in sports is self-evident. However, its importance is becoming increasingly apparent in the context of public health. The constant desire to improve health and performance suggests looking at genetic predispositions. The knowledge of genes related to physical performance can be utilized initially in the training of athletes to assign them to the appropriate sport. In the field of medicine, this knowledge may be more effectively utilized in the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic diseases. Physical exertion engages the entire organism, and at a basic physiological level, the organism\'s responses are primarily related to oxidant and antioxidant reactions due to intensified cellular respiration. Therefore, the modifications involve the body adjusting to the stresses, especially oxidative stress. The consequence of regular exercise is primarily an increase in antioxidant capacity. Among the genes considered, those that promote oxidative processes dominate, as they are associated with energy production during exercise. What is missing, however, is a look at the other side of the coin, which, in this case, is antioxidant processes and the genes associated with them. It has been demonstrated that antioxidant genes associated with increased physical performance do not always result in increased antioxidant capacity. Nevertheless, it seems that maintaining the oxidant-antioxidant balance is the most important thing in this regard.
摘要：
体育活动在体育运动中的重要性不言而喻。然而,它的重要性在公共卫生的背景下变得越来越明显。不断改善健康和表现的愿望表明，考虑遗传易感性。与身体表现相关的基因知识最初可以用于运动员的训练中，以将他们分配给适当的运动。在医学领域,这些知识可以更有效地用于心脏代谢疾病的预防和治疗。体力消耗参与整个有机体，在基本的生理水平上，生物体的反应主要与由于细胞呼吸增强而引起的氧化和抗氧化反应有关。因此,修改涉及身体适应应力，尤其是氧化应激。定期运动的结果主要是增加抗氧化能力。在考虑的基因中，那些促进氧化过程的人占主导地位，因为它们与运动期间的能量生产有关。缺少什么,然而,看看硬币的另一面，which,在这种情况下,是抗氧化过程和与之相关的基因。已经证明，与身体表现增加相关的抗氧化基因并不总是导致抗氧化能力增加。然而，在这方面，维持氧化剂和抗氧化剂的平衡似乎是最重要的。
