PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
A previous short time span study related to the effectiveness of a teaching pack (TP) in improving the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) showed positive results. The present study was aimed at investigating and confirming those results, with a follow up data collection, in the same sample, a year after the baseline intervention. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted. Weight and height were measured. Eating patterns/lifestyle were assessed by the KIDMED test and questionnaires. Thirteen schools in three areas with low, medium and high prevalence of overweight/obesity (North, Center and South respectively) were involved, with a representative baseline cluster sample of 494 fourth class children (8-10 years old) in 2015. An intervention group and a control group were recruited in each school; the intervention group (n = 395) got the intervention, the control group (n = 99) did not. The children\'s KIDMED score changes were the main outcome measures. Differences in percentages of adherence and in yes/no answers on the KIDMED test, at baseline and after one year, for both the intervention and the control groups, were assessed through contingency tables and statistical tests. Improvements in the high and low adherence rates to MD were observed (high adherence: 24.4% to 43.3%; low adherence: 15.0% to 3.9%, p < 0.0001). The percentages of subjects with optimal adherence improved in both sexes (females: 25.5% to 49.5%, p < 0.0001; males: 23.1% to 36.6%, p < 0.0001) in all the geographical areas and ponderal status classes. Accompanying free distribution of fruit and vegetables with a nutritional intervention led by trained teachers with a cross-curricular approach can be successful in promoting healthy eating in children.
摘要：
先前与教学包（TP）在提高对地中海饮食（MD）的依从性方面的有效性有关的短时间跨度研究显示出积极的结果。本研究旨在调查和确认这些结果，通过后续数据收集，在同一个样本中，基线干预后一年。进行了干预前和干预后评估。测量体重和身高。通过KIDMED测试和问卷评估饮食模式/生活方式。三个地区的13所学校都有低，超重/肥胖的中等和高患病率(北，分别涉及中心和南部），2015年，494名四等儿童(8-10岁)的代表性基线整群样本。每个学校分别招募干预组和对照组，干预组（n=395）进行干预，对照组（n=99）没有。儿童KIDMED评分变化是主要结局指标。在KIDMED测试中，依从性百分比和是/否答案的差异，在基线和一年后，对于干预组和对照组，通过列联表和统计检验进行评估。观察到MD的高依从率和低依从率的改善（高依从率：24.4％至43.3％；低依从率：15.0％至3.9％，p<0.0001)。具有最佳依从性的受试者的百分比在两种性别中都得到了改善（女性：25.5％至49.5％，p<0.0001；男性：23.1%至36.6%，p<0.0001）在所有地理区域和社会地位类别中。在免费分发水果和蔬菜的同时，由训练有素的教师通过跨课程方法进行营养干预，可以成功地促进儿童的健康饮食。
