■重度抑郁症(MDD)是全球普遍存在的精神障碍。越来越多的证据表明,环境金属(EM)在MDD中起着至关重要的作用。因此,这项研究调查了钡(Ba)的作用,铯(Cs),镍(Ni),锰(Mn),铅(Pb),汞(Hg),镉(Cd),和锡(Sn)在MDD的病因中的作用。
■该研究包括来自驻马店市第二人民医院的72名MDD患者和75名健康对照者(HCs),中国。电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测量来自两组的血清和尿液样品中的金属水平。
■在MDD患者和HCs之间观察到EMs的血清和尿液水平的显著差异。在调整了年龄之后,性别,BMI,logistic回归和分位数回归模型显示EMs和MDD之间存在显著关联。在血清样本中,较高的Sn水平(OR=1.22,p=0.044)增加MDD风险,而较高的Cs水平(OR=0.02,p<0.001),Cd(OR=0.06,p=0.047),Mn(OR=0.54,p=0.016)降低了MDD风险。在尿液样本中,较高的Ba水平(OR=0.94,p=0.015),Ni(OR=0.87,p=0.0024),Sn(OR=1.62,p<0.001),Mn(OR=0.77,p=0.037)与MDD显著相关。Sn与Pb(β=5.15,p=0.001;β=4.19,p=0.004)一样,在0.50和0.75分位数(β=0.96,p=0.018;β=1.25,p=0.008)处显着正预测HAMD-24得分。Ba阳性预测所有分位数的抑郁症状(所有p<0.05)。Hg正预测HAMD-24评分为0.50分位数(β=9.20,p=0.050)。
■这些发现强调了EMs在抑郁症中的重要性,帮助对不同程度的抑郁进行有针对性的干预,并有必要进行未来的研究以阐明因果关系和机制。
UNASSIGNED: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental disorder globally. Increasing evidence suggests that Environmental Metal (EM) play a crucial role in MDD. Therefore, this study investigated the roles of barium (Ba), cesium (Cs), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and tin (Sn) in the etiology of MDD.
UNASSIGNED: The study included 72 MDD patients and 75 healthy controls (HCs) from the Second People\'s Hospital of Zhumadian, China. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) measured the metal levels in serum and urine samples from both groups.
UNASSIGNED: Significant differences in serum and urine levels of EMs were observed between MDD patients and HCs. After adjusting for age, gender, and BMI, logistic regression and quantile regression models revealed significant associations between EMs and MDD. In serum samples, higher Sn levels (OR = 1.22, p = 0.044) increased MDD risk, whereas higher Cs levels (OR = 0.02, p < 0.001), Cd (OR = 0.06, p = 0.047), and Mn (OR = 0.54, p = 0.016) decreased MDD risk. In urine samples, higher Ba levels (OR = 0.94, p = 0.015), Ni (OR = 0.87, p = 0.0024), Sn (OR = 1.62, p < 0.001), and Mn (OR = 0.77, p = 0.037) were significantly associated with MDD. Sn significantly positively predicted HAMD-24 scores at the 0.50 and 0.75 quantiles (β = 0.96, p = 0.018; β = 1.25, p = 0.008) as did Pb (β = 5.15, p = 0.001; β = 4.19, p = 0.004). Ba positively predicted depressive symptoms across all quantiles (all p < 0.05). Hg positively predicted HAMD-24 scores at the 0.50 quantile (β = 9.20, p = 0.050).
UNASSIGNED: These findings underscore EMs\' importance in depression, aiding in targeted interventions for varying degrees of depression and necessitating future studies to clarify causality and mechanisms.